Disclosed herein are dual-form particulate carbonaceous sorbent compositions and methods of using such compositions to treat contaminated aquatic sediments. The dual-form particulate carbonaceous sorbent compositions may be deposited on a contaminated aquatic sediment in granular form to form an active barrier capping layer on the surface of the contaminated sediment, but then the sorbent composition undergoes particle size attrition within the active barrier capping layer thereby improving the adsorption kinetics and/or capacity of the sorbent material.

Methods for the manufacture of sorbent compositions, sorbent compositions and methods for using the sorbent compositions. The methods include the utilization of an acidic halogen solution as a source of a halogen species that is dispersed on a solid sorbent. The use of the acidic halogen solution results in a highly active halogen species that demonstrates improved efficacy for the removal of heavy metal(s) from a flue gas. The sorbent composition includes a substantially amorphous halogen species associated with a solid sorbent such as powdered activated carbon (PAC).

A blood purifier includes a porous molded body; exhibits an excellent blood compatibility wherein platelet adherence is inhibited and exhibits a good cytokine adsorption capacity and a low pressure loss before and after blood treatment; and can be safely used. A blood purifier includes a main vessel and a porous molded body housed in the main vessel. The porous molded body contains a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer. The amount of low-melting-point water per 1 g of dry weight of the porous molded body is 0.12 g to 2.00 g. The contact change ratio for the porous molded body is 0% to 0.2%. The ratio L/D is 1.00 to 2.30 where, for the region taken up by the porous molded body in the main vessel, L is the length in the flow direction and D is the circle-equivalent diameter of the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction.

Carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) capture materials comprising one or more 3D-printed zeolite monoliths for the capture and or removal of CO.sub.2 from air or gases in enclosed compartments, including gases or mixtures of gases having less than about 5% CO.sub.2. Methods for preparing 3D-printed zeolite monoliths useful as CO.sub.2 capture materials and filters, as well as methods of removing CO.sub.2 from a gas or mixture of gases in an enclosed compartment using 3D-printed zeolite monoliths are provided.

A functionalized silica sorbent is described. The sorbent comprises mesoporous silica nanoparticles having a surface functionalized with a conjugated system comprising an azole and a phenyl. The surface may be functionalized by a Cu-catalyzed click reaction. The nanoparticles have an average particle size of 10-80 nm, and may be used to adsorb phenolic contaminants from aqueous solutions.

A hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework having an isolated purity of at least 95 wt. %, which is a coordination product formed between zinc(II) ions, a linker of formula (I), and a linker of formula (II); ##STR00001##
wherein each linker of formulae (I) and (II) links together adjacent zinc(II) ions, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, a halo, a nitro, or a cyano, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl. A method of making the hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework and a method of capturing CO.sub.2 from a gas mixture with the hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework.

A process of manufacturing NH2-MIL-125(Ti) for use in mitigating ingress of chlorine ions in concrete, comprising dissolving 2-amino-benzene dicarboxylic acid in a 1:1 ratio of dimethylformamide and methanol, adding a titanium (IV) isopropoxide to the mixture at 150° C. with constant stirring to form NH2-MIL-125(Ti), submerging the NH2-MIL-125(Ti) in dichloromethane for about 3 hours and separating the NH2-MIL-125(Ti). NH2-MIL-125(Ti) produced is activated and ready for use in cement-based concrete structures. NH2-MIL-125(Ti) is enabled to reduce the ingress of chlorine ions in concrete by at least 20%.

A functionalized silica sorbent is described. The sorbent comprises mesoporous silica nanoparticles having a surface functionalized with a conjugated system comprising an azole and a phenyl. The surface may be functionalized by a Cu-catalyzed click reaction. The nanoparticles have an average particle size of 10-80 nm, and may be used to adsorb phenolic contaminants from aqueous solutions.

Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of sorption of H.sub.2O from an environment by associating the environment with a porous material such that the association results in the sorption of H.sub.2O to the porous material. The porous material includes a (M)-2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid coordination polymer, where M is a divalent metal ion selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, and combinations thereof. The coordination polymer has a one-dimensional pore structure and shows reversible soft-crystal behavior. The porous material may be a Mg(II) 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid coordination polymer (i.e., Mg-CUK-1). The methods of the present disclosure may also include one or more steps of releasing the sorbed H.sub.2O from the porous material and reusing the porous material after the releasing step for sorption of additional H.sub.2O from the environment.

Carbonaceous material that is activated to form precursor activated carbon is further enhanced by doping with iron and nitrogen and calcining. The resultant sorbent material has excellent catalytic properties which are useful in the field of fluid purification. The further enhancement can be performed in a single stage process or a dual stage process. The carbonaceous material includes those obtained from coal, wood, or coconut shells. The described treatment processes result in a sorbent material that has excellent performance in removing chloramine and similar compounds from fluids such as water that is intended for drinking.