The present invention provides: a porous fiber that exhibits both improved adsorption capacity, and suppressed exposure and detachment of particulates; an adsorption column filled with said porous fiber; and a blood purification system in which an adsorption column is connected to a water removal column. The porous fiber according to the present invention has a three-dimensional pore structure formed by a solid fiber, and satisfies all of the following conditions. (1) The porous fiber has particulates having a diameter of not more than 200 μm, and the percentage of area occupied by said particulates having a diameter of not more than 200 μm in a horizontal cross section of the three-dimensional pore structure is at least 3.0%. (2) The porous fiber does not contain said particulates having a diameter of not more than 200 μm in the region within 1.0 μm in the depth direction from the outermost surface.

There is provided an activated carbon having a high total trihalomethane filtration capacity, even in water treatment by passing water at a high superficial velocity (SV). In the activated carbon of the present invention, a pore volume A of pores with a size of 1.0 nm or less, of pore volumes calculated by the QSDFT method, is 0.3 cc/g or more, and a pore volume B of pores with a size of 3.0 nm or more and 3.5 nm or less, of pore volumes calculated by the QSDFT method, is 0.009 cc/g or more.

There is provided an activated carbon having a high total trihalomethane filtration capacity, even in water treatment by passing water at a high superficial velocity (SV). In the activated carbon of the present invention, a pore volume A (cc/g) of pores with a size of 1.0 nm or less, of pore volumes calculated by the QSDFT method, is 0.300 cc/g or more, and elemental vanadium and/or a vanadium compound is contained.

Methods of preparing organosilica materials using a starting material mixture comprising at least one compound of Formula [(RO).sub.2SiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (Ia) and at least one compound of Formula [R′ROSiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (Ib), wherein each R′ independently represents an RO—, an R group, or an (RO).sub.3Si—CH.sub.2— group, at least one R′ being (RO).sub.3Si—CH.sub.2—; and R represents a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group, in the absence of a structure directing agent and/or porogen are provided herein. Processes of using the organosilica materials, e.g., for gas separation, etc., are also provided herein.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional ordered porous microstructure. In the method of the invention where the three-dimensional ordered microstructure is produced using the colloidal crystal templating process, the three-dimensional ordered microstructure thus formed is subjected to heat treatment to soften the particles, so as to effectively increase the contact between orderly arranged particles while removing the solvent used to suspend the particles. The present invention further relates to a monolithic column produced thereby. Compared to the monolithic columns produced by conventional methods, the monolithic column according to the invention is characterized in having a higher aspect ratio and a higher pore regularity, while the connecting pores in the column are relatively large in pore size.

The present invention relates to systems incorporating, and uses of, hydrothermally dehydrated carbonaceous products, particularly from waste sources, that when activated provide for effective filters in water streams. The activated particles have high microporosity and provide an improved and affordable approach to decontamination of water sources. The invention further includes preparation of such systems, including steps of hydrothermal dehydration, optional carbonization, and physical activation.

A coated substrate (2a, 2b) adapted for hydrocarbon adsorption having at least one surface, and a coating on the at least one surface, the coating comprising particulate carbon and a binder, wherein the particulate carbon has a BET surface area of at least about 1300 m.sup.2/g; and at least one of: (i) a butane affinity of greater than 60% at 5% butane; (ii) a butane affinity of greater than 35% at 0.5% butane; (iii) a micropore volume greater than about 0.2 ml/g and a mesopore volume greater than about 0.5 ml/g. A bleed emission scrubber (1) and an evaporative emission control canister system (30) comprising the coated substrate (2a,2b) are provided. They can control evaporative hydrocarbon emissions and may provide low diurnal breathing loss (DBL) emissions even under a low purge condition.

The present invention relates to a carbon-based substance for removing saturated and non-saturated fats, petroleum and petroleum products from a water surface and/or water emulsion. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for producing this carbon-based substance. More specifically, the present invention relates to use of this carbon-based substance for removing saturated and non-saturated fats, petroleum and petroleum products from a water surface of open waters, including seas and oceans.

A carbon-based porous material microscopically exhibiting a three-dimension 1 cross-linked net-like hierarchical pore structure, a specific surface area of 500˜2,500 m.sup.2/g and a water contact angle greater than 90°. The surface of the carbon-based porous material has a through hierarchical pore structure with mesopores nested in macropores and micropores nested in mesopores, the content of mesopores is high, and there are more adsorption activity sites exposed on the surface of the material, so that the diffusion path for organic gas molecules in the adsorption process is shortened. At the same time, the absorption and desorption rates may also be accelerated and the desorption temperature may be lowered. Furthermore, benefits result for solving the desorption and recovery problems of organic gas molecules. Moreover, the defects of ordinary porous carbon materials being easily hygroscopic, having a weakened capacity to adsorb target gas molecules in a humid environment, etc. are further effectively solved.

The invention relates to a method to produce a particulate activated carbon material for capturing CO.sub.2 from air,

wherein the particulate activated carbon is impregnated with alkali carbonate salt such as K.sub.2CO.sub.3; and wherein the impregnated particulate activated carbon either has, determined using nitrogen adsorption methods, a pore volume of at least 0.10 cm.sup.3/g for pore sizes of at least 5 nm and a pore volume of at most 0.30 cm.sup.3/g for pore sizes of less than 2 nm or is based on a mixture of different alkali carbonate salts, or has a particular pore surface for pore sizes in the range of 2 nm-50 nm.