The present application provides a composite catalyst and use thereof in preparing propylene glycol, where the composite catalyst includes: a main catalyst; and an assistant catalyst, forming on the main catalyst; the assistant catalyst is a magnesium hydroxide shell with a cage-like shape forming on the surface of the main catalyst, and the main catalyst is located inside the magnesium hydroxide shell.

Disclosed are a low-temperature de-NO.sub.x catalyst using a ceria-alumina complex support, and a method of manufacturing the same. According to the present invention, provided is a low-temperature de-NO.sub.x catalyst using a ceria-alumina complex support, manufactured by impregnating noble metal and metal oxides into a ceria-alumina complex support synthesized by treating a ceria precursor and an alumina precursor in a predetermined mass ratio by a co-precipitation method.

A compression ignition internal combustion engine (30) for a heavy-duty diesel vehicle comprising an exhaust system (32) comprising a composite oxidation catalyst (12, 42) and a soot filter substrate (44, 50) disposed downstream from the composite oxidation catalyst comprising: a substrate (5), preferably a honeycomb flow-through substrate monolith, having a total length L and a longitudinal axis and having a substrate surface extending axially between a first substrate end (I) and a second substrate end (O); two catalyst washcoat zones (1, 2) arranged axially in series on and along the substrate surface, wherein a first catalyst washcoat zone (1) having a length L.sub.1 and comprising a first catalyst washcoat layer (9), wherein L.sub.1<L, is defined at one end by the first substrate end (I) and at a second end by a first end (15) of a second catalyst washcoat zone (2) having a length L.sub.2 and comprising a second catalyst washcoat layer (11), wherein L.sub.2<L, wherein the second catalyst washcoat zone (2) is defined at a second end thereof by the second substrate end (O), and wherein the first substrate end (I) of the composite oxidation catalyst (12, 42) is oriented to an upstream side and wherein the first catalyst washcoat zone (1) comprises a first refractory metal oxide support material and two or more platinum group metal components supported thereon comprising both platinum and palladium at a weight ratio of platinum to palladium of <1; and the second catalyst washcoat zone (2) comprises a second refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon; and a washcoat overlayer (G) extending axially from the first substrate end (I) comprising a particulate metal oxide having a loading of >48.8 g/l (>0.8 g/in.sup.3), wherein a total platinum group metal loading in the first catalyst washcoat zone (1) defined in grams of platinum group metal per litre of substrate volume (g/l) is greater than a total platinum group metal loading in the second catalyst washcoat zone (2) and wherein the first catalyst washcoat zone (1) comprises one or more first alkaline earth metal components, preferably barium, supported on the first refractory metal oxide support material.

A compression ignition internal combustion engine (30) for a heavy-duty diesel vehicle comprising an exhaust system (32) comprising a composite oxidation catalyst (12, 42) and a soot filter substrate (44, 50) disposed downstream from the composite oxidation catalyst comprising: a substrate (5), preferably a honeycomb flow-through substrate monolith, having a total length L and a longitudinal axis and having a substrate surface extending axially between a first substrate end (I) and a second substrate end (O); two catalyst washcoat zones (1, 2) arranged axially in series on and along the substrate surface, wherein a first catalyst washcoat zone (1) having a length L.sub.1 and comprising a first catalyst washcoat layer (9), wherein L.sub.1<L, is defined at one end by the first substrate end (I) and at a second end by a first end (15) of a second catalyst washcoat zone (2) having a length L.sub.2 and comprising a second catalyst washcoat layer (11), wherein L.sub.2<L, wherein the second catalyst washcoat zone (2) is defined at a second end thereof by the second substrate end (O), and wherein the first substrate end (I) of the composite oxidation catalyst (12, 42) is oriented to an upstream side and wherein the first catalyst washcoat zone (1) comprises a first refractory metal oxide support material and two or more platinum group metal components supported thereon comprising both platinum and palladium at a weight ratio of platinum to palladium of <1; and the second catalyst washcoat zone (2) comprises a second refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon; and a washcoat overlayer (G) extending axially from the first substrate end (I) comprising a particulate metal oxide having a loading of >48.8 g/l (>0.8 g/in.sup.3), wherein a total platinum group metal loading in the first catalyst washcoat zone (1) defined in grams of platinum group metal per litre of substrate volume (g/l) is greater than a total platinum group metal loading in the second catalyst washcoat zone (2) and wherein the first catalyst washcoat zone (1) comprises one or more first alkaline earth metal components, preferably barium, supported on the first refractory metal oxide support material.

An oxidation catalyst for treating an exhaust gas from a compression ignition engine, which oxidation catalyst comprises: a substrate; a first washcoat region comprising palladium (Pd) and a first support material comprising cerium oxide; and a second washcoat region comprising platinum (Pt) and a second support material.

An oxidation catalyst for treating an exhaust gas from a compression ignition engine, which oxidation catalyst comprises: a substrate; a first washcoat region comprising palladium (Pd) and a first support material comprising cerium oxide; and a second washcoat region comprising platinum (Pt) and a second support material.

A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate; and a first catalytic region on the substrate; wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first PGM component and a first inorganic oxide, wherein the IR intensity ratio of bridge CO to atop CO on the PGM component is less than 3:1 under standard CO adsorption procedure.

Provided is a composite body that includes halloysite powder including a granule in which halloysite including a halloysite nanotube is aggregated, and a transition metal catalyst carried in the halloysite powder. The granule preferably includes a first pore derived from a tube hole of the halloysite nanotube, and a second pore different from the first pore. The transition metal catalyst preferably includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, ruthenium, cobalt, nickel and silver.

Electrochemical cells for the production of hydrogen from liquid fuels and methods of operating the cells to produce hydrogen and electricity are provided. The electrochemical cells are solid state cells that incorporate a thermochemical conversion catalyst and a hydrogen oxidation catalyst into the anode and utilize solid acid electrolytes. This cell design integrates thermally driven chemical conversion of a starting fuel with electrochemical removal of hydrogen from the conversion reaction zone.

Electrochemical cells for the production of hydrogen from liquid fuels and methods of operating the cells to produce hydrogen and electricity are provided. The electrochemical cells are solid state cells that incorporate a thermochemical conversion catalyst and a hydrogen oxidation catalyst into the anode and utilize solid acid electrolytes. This cell design integrates thermally driven chemical conversion of a starting fuel with electrochemical removal of hydrogen from the conversion reaction zone.