The present invention relates to a process for producing LPG and BTX from a mixed feedstream comprising C5-C12 hydrocarbons by contacting said feedstream in the presence of hydrogen with a first hydrocracking catalyst and contacting the thus obtained first hydrocracked product in the presence of hydrogen with a second hydrocracking catalyst to produce a second hydrocracked product stream comprising LPG and BTX.

A lean NO.sub.x trap catalyst and its use in an emission treatment system for internal combustion engines is disclosed. The lean NO.sub.x trap catalyst comprises a first layer for storing nitrogen oxides (NOx) under lean exhaust gas conditions and releasing and/or reducing stored NOx during rich exhaust gas conditions, and a second layer, said second layer comprising a first zone for oxidizing carbon monoxide (CO) and/or hydrocarbons (HC), and a second zone for oxidizing nitric oxide (NO), and a substrate having an inlet end and an outlet end.

A cold start catalyst is disclosed. The cold start catalyst is effective to adsorb NO.sub.x and hydrocarbons (HC) at or below a low temperature and to covert and release the adsorbed NO.sub.x and HC at temperatures above the low temperature. The cold start catalyst comprises a molecular sieve catalyst and a supported platinum group metal catalyst. The molecular sieve catalyst consists essentially of a noble metal and a molecular sieve. The supported platinum group metal catalyst comprises one or more platinum group metals and one or more inorganic oxide carriers. The invention also includes an exhaust system comprising the cold start catalyst, and a method for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine utilizing the cold start catalyst.

A cold start catalyst is disclosed. The cold start catalyst is effective to adsorb NO.sub.x and hydrocarbons (HC) at or below a low temperature and to covert and release the adsorbed NO.sub.x and HC at temperatures above the low temperature. The cold start catalyst comprises a molecular sieve catalyst and a supported platinum group metal catalyst. The molecular sieve catalyst consists essentially of a noble metal and a molecular sieve. The supported platinum group metal catalyst comprises one or more platinum group metals and one or more inorganic oxide carriers. The invention also includes an exhaust system comprising the cold start catalyst, and a method for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine utilizing the cold start catalyst.

The present disclosure provides a catalyst represented by Formula (I)

##STR00001##

wherein the moiety X[(RO.sub.a)(QO.sub.b)] and the moiety Z are mechanically mixed; wherein the weight percentage of the moiety Z is about 1% to about 99% of the total weight of the catalyst. Furthermore, the present disclosure provides a tunable, low-temperature, energy-efficient process for hydrocracking plastics to form a fuel, a lubricant, or a mixture thereof.

The present disclosure provides a catalyst represented by Formula (I)

##STR00001##

wherein the moiety X[(RO.sub.a)(QO.sub.b)] and the moiety Z are mechanically mixed; wherein the weight percentage of the moiety Z is about 1% to about 99% of the total weight of the catalyst. Furthermore, the present disclosure provides a tunable, low-temperature, energy-efficient process for hydrocracking plastics to form a fuel, a lubricant, or a mixture thereof.

The invention relates to the use of a catalyst as a passive nitrogen oxide adsorber, which has a carrier substrate, a zeolite, palladium, and platinum, wherein the palladium is provided in a quantity of 0.01 to 10 wt. %, based on the sum of the weights of zeolite, platinum, and palladium and calculated as a palladium metal, and platinum in a quantity of 0.1 to 10 wt. %, based on the weight of the palladium and calculated as a platinum metal. The invention also relates to the use of said catalyst in connection with a SCR catalyst in an exhaust gas system.

A method for making a functional structural body includes a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of metallic nanoparticles present in the skeletal body, the skeletal body having channels connecting with each other, the metallic nanoparticles being present at least in the channels of the skeletal body.

A method for making a functional structural body includes a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of metallic nanoparticles present in the skeletal body, the skeletal body having channels connecting with each other, the metallic nanoparticles being present at least in the channels of the skeletal body.

To provide a structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization that suppresses decline in catalytic activity, achieves efficient catalytic cracking, and allows simple and stable obtaining of a substance to be modified. The structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization (1) includes a support (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound and at least one type of metal oxide nanoparticles (20) present in the support (10), in which the support (10) has channels (11) that connect with each other, the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are present at least in the channels (11) of the support (10), and the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are composed of a material containing any one or two more of the oxides of Fe, Al, Zn, Zr, Cu, Co, Ni, Ce, Nb, Ti, Mo, V, Cr, Pd, and Ru.