A bend sensor comprising a sensor section in which a polymer electrolyte film is sandwiched between a pair of electrode films, wherein each of the electrode films contains: a block copolymer (Z) having a polymer block (S) composed of a structural unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound, and containing an ion-conducting group, and an amorphous polymer block (T) composed of a structural unit derived from an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon; and a conducting particle; which block copolymer (Z) forms a lamellar structure, which bend sensor therefore allows generation of enhanced voltage between the electrode films when deformation of the sensor occurs as it follows movement of an object, is provided.

A bend sensor comprising a sensor section in which a polymer electrolyte film is sandwiched between a pair of electrode films, wherein each of the electrode films contains: a block copolymer (Z) having a polymer block (S) composed of a structural unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound, and containing an ion-conducting group, and an amorphous polymer block (T) composed of a structural unit derived from an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon; and a conducting particle; which block copolymer (Z) forms a lamellar structure, which bend sensor therefore allows generation of enhanced voltage between the electrode films when deformation of the sensor occurs as it follows movement of an object, is provided.

A porous polymer monolith comprises a polymer body having macroporous through-pores that facilitate fluid flow through the body and an array of mesopores adapted to bind from the fluid flow molecules of a predetermined range of sizes, wherein the surface area of the monolith is predominantly provided by the mesopores. Also disclosed is a method of making a porous polymer monolith. The method includes forming a polymer body by phase separation out of a solution containing at least a monomer, a crosslinker and a primary porogen, whereby the body contains multiple macroporous through-pores, wherein the solution further contains a secondary porogen comprising oligomers inert with respect to the monomer and cross-linker but chemically compatible with the monomer so as to form mesostructures within the polymer body during said phase separation, and washing the mesostructures from the body to provide an array of mesopores such that the surface area of the monolith is predominantly provided by the mesopores.

A porous polymer monolith comprises a polymer body having macroporous through-pores that facilitate fluid flow through the body and an array of mesopores adapted to bind from the fluid flow molecules of a predetermined range of sizes, wherein the surface area of the monolith is predominantly provided by the mesopores. Also disclosed is a method of making a porous polymer monolith. The method includes forming a polymer body by phase separation out of a solution containing at least a monomer, a crosslinker and a primary porogen, whereby the body contains multiple macroporous through-pores, wherein the solution further contains a secondary porogen comprising oligomers inert with respect to the monomer and cross-linker but chemically compatible with the monomer so as to form mesostructures within the polymer body during said phase separation, and washing the mesostructures from the body to provide an array of mesopores such that the surface area of the monolith is predominantly provided by the mesopores.

The present disclosure provides a polymer, including a first repeating unit represented by formula (I), a second repeating unit represented by formula (II), and a third repeating unit represented by formula (III). The first repeating unit, the second repeating unit, and the third repeating unit are arranged in an alternating fashion, in a random fashion, or in discrete blocks. The molar ratio of the first repeating unit, the second repeating unit and the third repeating unit is m:n:o, and m:(n+o) is from 60:40 to 85:15. The definitions of a, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.−, and R.sup.+ are as defined in the specification.

A purification method for an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, includes passing the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution through a first H-form strong cation exchange resin column 1, a salt-form strong anion exchange resin column 2 and a second H-form strong cation exchange resin column 3. An H-form strong cation exchange resin having crosslinking of 6% or less, an H-form strong cation exchange resin having crosslinking of 9% or more, or an H-form strong cation exchange resin produced by steps (a) and (b) is used as an H-form strong cation exchange resin packed in the second H-form strong cation exchange resin column 3: (a) copolymerizing a monovinyl aromatic monomer with a crosslinkable aromatic monomer having a non-polymerizable impurity content of 3% by weight or less therein using a predetermined amount of a specified radical polymerization initiator at a predetermined polymerization temperature to obtain a crosslinked copolymer; and (b) sulfonating the crosslinked copolymer.

A purification method for an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, includes passing the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution through a first H-form strong cation exchange resin column 1, a salt-form strong anion exchange resin column 2 and a second H-form strong cation exchange resin column 3. An H-form strong cation exchange resin having crosslinking of 6% or less, an H-form strong cation exchange resin having crosslinking of 9% or more, or an H-form strong cation exchange resin produced by steps (a) and (b) is used as an H-form strong cation exchange resin packed in the second H-form strong cation exchange resin column 3: (a) copolymerizing a monovinyl aromatic monomer with a crosslinkable aromatic monomer having a non-polymerizable impurity content of 3% by weight or less therein using a predetermined amount of a specified radical polymerization initiator at a predetermined polymerization temperature to obtain a crosslinked copolymer; and (b) sulfonating the crosslinked copolymer.

Described herein are water desalination membranes and methods of desalinating water. Sulfonated poly(arylene ether) polymers are also disclosed, including those comprising one or more sulfonate groups at various points along the polymer chain. The polymers may be used as at least a portion of a water desalination membrane. The polymers described herein are useful for preventing transport of aqueous ionic species (e.g., Na.sup.+ and Cl.sup.−) across a membrane made from the polymers while allowing water to pass. Chlorine-stable polymers are described, as well as polymers exhibiting good performance for rejecting monovalent cations in the presence of polyvalent cations.

Provided is a method for preparing a hypochlorous acid aqueous solution by which a weakly acidic hypochlorous acid aqueous solution having a pH of about 3.5-7 can be obtained without substantially generating chlorine gas even immediately after regeneration or even with a new weakly acidic cation exchange resin. In a method for preparing a hypochlorous acid aqueous solution wherein an aqueous solution of hypochlorite is brought into contact with a weakly acidic cation exchanger to exchange a cation constituting the hypochlorite with hydrogen ions to increase the concentration of hypochlorous acid in the aqueous solution, a neutral salt solution of a strong acid and a strong base in an amount that may obtain the hypochlorous acid aqueous solution having a pH of at least 3.5 when the hypochlorite aqueous solution is brought into contact with the weakly acidic cation exchanger is brought into contact, prior to the contact between the hypochlorite aqueous solution and the weakly acidic cation exchanger, with a weakly acidic cation exchanger that has been regenerated or has not been substantially subjected to cation exchange.

The present invention relates to a method of increasing the bioavailability and/or prolonging ophthalmic action of a drug, the method comprising instilling into the eye an aqueous suspension comprising reversible clusters of drug loaded nano-resin particles, said clusters having a D50 value of at least 2 micrometer and said drug loaded nano-resin particles have a particle size distribution characterized in that the D90 value is 70 nanometer to 900 nanometer. The present invention further relates to an aqueous suspension comprising reversible clusters of drug loaded nano-resin particles, said clusters have a D50 value of at least 2 micrometers and said drug loaded nano-resin particles have a particle size distribution characterized in that the D90 value is 70 nanometers to 900 nanometers.