Systems, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A system includes at least one processor coupled to a memory and configured for determining placement of multiple reaction site openings, wherein each reaction site opening is connected to a first sub-surface channel; connecting the first sub-surface channel to two or more additional sub-surface channels by multiple vias; and providing a material for multiple reaction sites, wherein an overlap of the multiple reaction site openings and the material delineate the multiple reaction sites.

Systems, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A computer program product includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a device to cause the device to deliver multiple items of chemical matter independently to multiple reaction sites of a flow cell array across multiple distinct instances of time; image multiple parallel chemical reactions at the multiple reaction sites of the flow cell array; and record an emission from each of the multiple chemical reactions site.

Systems, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A system includes at least one processor coupled to a memory and configured for delivering multiple items of chemical matter independently to multiple reaction sites of a flow cell array across multiple distinct instances of time; imaging multiple parallel chemical reactions at the multiple reaction sites of the flow cell array; and recording an emission from each of the multiple chemical reactions site.

Apparatus, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A computer program product includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a device to cause the device to determine placement of one or more reaction sites on a first component; provide a material for the reaction sites in one or more surface channels of the first component; connect the first component to a second component to form an array, wherein the surface channels of the first component connect the reaction sites with one or more vias, and wherein the second component comprises the vias connected to multiple sub-surface channels; and align the surface channels of the first component with the vias of the second component to form a connection between the first component and the second component.

Systems and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A system includes at least one processor coupled to a memory and configured for determining placement of one or more reaction sites on a first component; providing a material for the one or more reaction sites in one or more surface channels of the first component; connecting the first component to a second component to form an array, wherein the one or more surface channels of the first component connect the one or more reaction sites with one or more vias, and wherein the second component comprises the one or more vias connected to multiple sub-surface channels; and aligning the one or more surface channels of the first component with the one or more vias of the second component to form a connection between the first component and the second component.

A one-to-many parallelized millireactor system capable of high throughput production in millireactors. Also disclosed is a method for carrying out multi-phase reactions.

A method for treating water with chlorine dioxide wherein the reactor is contained inside of the water supply line being treated and an eductor is used to draw in the chemical precursors. The method offers facilitated chlorine dioxide (ClO .sub.2) generation and safer operation over wider ClO.sub.2 mass flow capacity, thus offering a more adaptable system for CLO.sub.2 treatments. Noise reduction and ease-of-use versus traditional eductor-based ClO.sub.2 generators are additional benefits from using this method.

The present invention relates to a process for handling product fluid streams which are obtained in the catalytic hydrogenation of liquid feeds in laboratory catalysis apparatuses. The liquid feeds are preferably hydrocarbons comprising sulfur- and nitrogen-comprising compounds as impurities. The hydrogenation serves to convert the impurities into hydrogen sulfide and ammonia which in this form can be readily separated off from the other constituents of the liquid feed. The product fluid streams are contacted with an inert gas stream, with the flow rate of the inert gas being a multiple of the flow rate of the product fluid stream. The formation of deposits in lines of the region on the outlet side of the reaction space can be effectively prevented by means of the process of the invention.

Multi-stage sample-recovery systems, including automated 2-stage and 3-stage sample-recovery systems, are provided. Such systems enable the rapid screening and recovery of samples, including viable cell-based samples, from high-throughput screening systems, including systems utilizing large-scale arrays of microcapillaries. In specific screening systems, each microcapillary comprises a solution containing a variant protein, an immobilized target molecule, and a reporter element. Immobilized target molecules may include any molecule of interest, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and other biomolecules. The association of a variant protein with a molecular target is assessed by measuring a signal from the reporter element. The contents of microcapillaries identified in the assays as containing variant proteins of interest can be identified and recovered using the multi-stage systems disclosed herein.

Disclosed herein are compositions, methods and systems for the processing of chemical reactions, such as the synthesis of polymers.