The present invention provides a formulation to link protein to a solid support that comprises one or more proteins, Oligo-dT and one or more non-volatile, water-soluble protein solvents, solutes or combination thereof in an aqueous solution. Further provided is a method of attaching a protein to a surface of a substrate. The formulations provided herein are contacted onto the substrate surface, printed thereon and air dried. The substrate surface is irradiated with UV light to induce thymidine photochemical crosslinking via the thymidine moieties of the Oligo-dT.

The invention relates to a method for analyzing molecular properties and/or reaction conditions, comprising a step of providing a first store having a first surface, wherein a specific selection of sample molecules is directly or indirectly bonded to the surface in a defined arrangement, a step of producing at least two transfer stores, wherein at least two additional surfaces are provided, and a reaction step, selected from the group comprising a transfer reaction, an amplification reaction, and/or a derivatization reaction, whereby product molecules can arise and said product molecules and/or the sample molecules bond to the surfaces, wherein there is a clear spatial association between the sample molecules of the first store and the product molecules and/or sample molecules of the transfer stores and the first store, the transfer stores, the sample molecules, the product molecules, the transfer reaction, the amplification reaction, and/or the derivatization reaction is analyzed.

There is disclosed a process for in vitro synthesis and assembly of long, gene-length polynucleotides based upon assembly of multiple shorter oligonucleotides synthesized in situ on a microarray platform. Specifically, there is disclosed a process for in situ synthesis of oligonucleotide fragments on a solid phase microarray platform and subsequent, “on device” assembly of larger polynucleotides composed of a plurality of shorter oligonucleotide fragments.

De novo synthesized large libraries of nucleic acids are provided herein with low error rates. Further, devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as oligonucleotides, are described herein. Longer nucleic acids can be synthesized in parallel using microfluidic assemblies. Further, methods herein allow for the fast construction of large libraries of long, high-quality genes. Devices for the manufacturing of large libraries of long and high-quality nucleic acids are further described herein.

A nucleic acid probe, a method of immobilizing the nucleic acid probe to a solid support and the solid support including the immobilized probes using UV light. The nucleic acid probe includes a terminus anchor chain portion, and a capture portion wherein the terminus anchor chain portion includes a sequence of at least 18 nucleotides composed of stretches of up to 5 nucleotides of base type X with intermediate nucleotide(s) of base type Cytosine (C) and optionally one nucleotide of base type Guanine (G) or a sequence with at least 90% similarity thereto, wherein each base type X independently of each other designate base type Thymine (T) or base type Uracil (U).

Disclosed is a method that combines high throughput and flexible nature of a cell-free protein microarray with the quantitative capability of surface plasmon resonance to detect >400 different protein interactions in <1 hour. A method of detecting interactions between a targeting agent and one or more proteins of interest is disclosed. The method includes producing a set of proteins of interest using a cell-free protein expression system; providing the set of proteins of interest on a protein microarray wherein each spot in the array comprises a protein of interest; contacting the protein microarray with a targeting agent that binds to one or more of the set of proteins of interest; and detecting the binding of the targeting agent to the set of proteins of interest using surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi), thereby detecting the targeting agent and one or more proteins of interest in the micro array.

Molecules or salts thereof are provided, having the structure in Formula I, wherein n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are the same or different and are independently 1, 2, or 3, and n.sup.3 is 1 to 20; X is oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur; wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 are as described herein. Methods are also provided for the synthesis of and use of the provided molecules in applications for diagnostic testing.

Storage media are provided. A substrate has an array of addressable locations thereon, each addressable location adapted to be physically associated with a collection of molecules, each collection comprising at least a first subcollection of molecules and a second subcollection of molecules. The molecules in the collection are selected from a set of unambiguously identifiable molecules, the set comprising at least a first subset of molecules and a second subset of molecules. Each molecule in the first subset is identifiable by a first physical property, and each molecule in the second subset is identifiable by a second physical property, different from the first physical property. Each molecule in the set is uniquely associated with a predetermined position in a numerical value, wherein the presence of the molecule in the collection indicates a predetermined digit at the associated position and the absence of said molecule in the collection indicates a zero at said associated position.

Provided are methods for biological sample processing and analysis. A method can comprise providing a substrate configured to rotate. The substrate can comprise an array having immobilized thereto a biological analyte. A solution comprising a plurality of probes may be directed, via centrifugal force, across the substrate during rotation of the substrate, to couple at least one of the plurality of probes with the biological analyte. A detector can be configured to detect a signal from the at least one probe coupled to the biological analyte, thereby analyzing the biological analyte.

There is disclosed an electrode array device having an adsorbed porous reaction layer for improved synthesis quality. The array comprises a plurality of electrodes on a substrate, wherein the electrodes are electronically connected to a computer control system. The array has an adsorbed porous reaction layer on the plurality of electrodes, wherein the adsorbed porous reaction layer comprises a chemical species having at least one hydroxyl group. In the preferred embodiment, the reaction layer is sucrose. A method for preparing an electrode array for improved synthesis quality is disclosed. The method comprises a cleaning method and a method of attachment of a reaction layer. The cleaning method comprises a plasma cleaning method and a chemical cleaning method. The reaction layer is attached after cleaning by exposing the microarray to a solution containing the chemical species having at least one hydroxyl group.