A reactor containing a heat exchanger is disclosed, which can be operated with co-current or counter-current flow. Also disclosed is a system that includes a reactor having a reformer and a vaporizer, a fuel supply, and a water supply. The reactor includes a source of combustion gas, a reformer operative to receive reformate, and a vaporizer operative to receive water. The reformer and vaporizer each include a stack assembly formed by a combination of separator shims and channel shims. The separator shims and channel shims are stacked in a regular pattern to form two sets of channels within the stack assembly. One set of channels will have vertical passageways at either end and a horizontal flowpath between them, while the other set of channels has only a horizontal flowpath.

In the present invention, a fluid handling device has: a first substrate made of resin whereon a channel is formed in a first surface; a first film made of resin and joined to the first surface of the first substrate; a second film made of resin a first surface of which is joined to a second surface of the first substrate; and a second substrate made of resin and joined to a second surface of the second film. A recessed part overlapping the channel in a plane view is formed on the surface of the second substrate joined to the second film. The glass transition temperature Tg.sub.1s of the first substrate, the glass transition temperature Tg.sub.1f of the first film, the glass transition temperature Tg.sub.2s of the second substrate, and the glass transition temperature Tg.sub.2f of the second film satisfy Tg.sub.1s, Tg.sub.2s>Tg.sub.1f, Tg.sub.2f.

A chemical reactor is implemented on a substrate and has an inlet for receiving a fluid and/or a gas; a filter element for reducing or preventing that materials cause a blockage in the fluid supplied and/or the gas supplied in a part of the chemical reactor located further away; and a part located further away for transporting and/or processing the fluid and/or the gas. The part located further away has a depth dlow smaller than the depth dhigh of the inlet. The filter element has a first duct part and a second duct part; the first duct part is positioned closer up against the inlet than the second duct part, the first duct part is deeper than the second duct part, the first duct part has a diverging width and is free from pillar structures, and the second duct part is filled with filter pillars.

The present invention relates to a microfluidic or millifluidic device (1) comprising: —a support (2) made at least partially of a dielectric material, the support (2) comprising a first inlet (21a) adapted to be connected to a first reservoir containing gas, a second inlet (21b) adapted to be connected to a second reservoir containing liquid, an outlet (22) adapted to be connected to a receiver container containing gas and/or liquid, and a main microchannel or millichannel (3) present in the dielectric material allowing the liquid and the gas to flow from the inlets towards the outlet, —one or several ground electrode(s) (4) embedded in said dielectric material and extending along the main microchannel or millichannel (3), and —one or several high-voltage electrode(s) (5) embedded in said dielectric material and extending along the main microchannel or millichannel (3), wherein the high-voltage electrode(s) (5) and the ground electrode(s) (4) are located on opposite sides of the main microchannel or millichannel (3) so as to be able to generate an electric field inside the main microchannel or millichannel (3). The present invention relates also to a method for generating a plasma in a continuous manner using such a microfluidic or millifluidic device (1).

An apparatus for mass producing monodisperse microbubbles contains a microfluidic flow focusing device. The microfluidic flow focusing device includes a dispersed phase fluid supply channel having an outlet that discharges into a flow focusing junction, a continuous phase fluid supply channel having an outlet that discharges into the flow focusing junction, and a bubble formation channel having an inlet disposed at the flow focusing junction. The configuration of the flow focusing junction is such that, in operation, a flow of dispersed phase fluid discharging from the outlet of the dispersed phase fluid supply channel is engageable in co-flow by a focusing flow of continuous phase fluid discharging from the outlet of the at least one continuous phase fluid supply channel under formation of a gradually thinning jet of dispersed phase fluid that extends into the inlet of the bubble formation channel.

A chemical reactor is implemented on a substrate. The chemical reactor has multiple ducts for transporting a fluid and/or gas during use of the chemical reactor, in which the ducts optionally include pillar structures and at least one connection duct connected between two of the multiple ducts for transporting the fluid and/or gas from one duct to another. In the connection duct, a series of individual pillar structures are positioned behind each other in the longitudinal direction of the connection duct.

A method for continuously processing at least two liquid feed streams is provided. A system for continuously processing at least two liquid feed streams is also provided.

Counter-flow heat exchanger is constructed with plenums at either end that separate the opposing fluids, the channels of which are arrayed in a checkerboard patterns, such that any given channel is surrounded by channels of opposing streams on four sides—laterally on both sides and vertically above and below.

A reactor includes: a reaction-side flow passage through which a fluid as a reaction object flows; and a catalyst structure provided in the reaction-side flow passage. The catalyst structure includes: a body part formed in a raised and depressed plate shape to partition the reaction-side flow passage into a plurality of flow passages disposed side by side in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the fluid; a catalyst carried on the body part to promote a reaction of the fluid; and one or more communication holes (grooves) to make the plurality of flow passages partitioned by the body part communicate with each other.

A method of photooxygenating furfural in a photooxygenating system, whereby a liquid mixture comprising furfural, a photosensitizer, and a reaction solvent is passed through a reaction section of the photooxygenating system, wherein the liquid mixture is exposed to solar radiation, while a portion of the furfural is oxidized in presence of the photosensitizer and a furanone compound is produced. Various embodiments of the photocatalytic water splitting reactor, and the water splitting system are also provided.