A linear flexible plasma generator having a function of cooling and temperature control. More efficient power control is possible, since a temperature of an electrode itself can be controlled in a state when plasma is discharged. In addition, since a temperature of the electrode surface can be decreased, use for the purposes of sterilization, neutralization, treatment, beauty treatment, and so on is possible.

Systems and methods configured to produce electrical discharges in compositions, such as those, for example, configured to produce electrical discharges in compositions that comprise mixtures of materials, such as a mixture of a material having a high dielectric constant and a material having a low dielectric constant (e.g., a composition of a liquid having a high dielectric constant and a liquid having a low dielectric constant, a composition of a solid having a high dielectric constant and a liquid having a low dielectric constant, and similar compositions), and further systems and methods configured to produce materials, such as through material modification and/or material synthesis, in part, resulting from producing electrical discharges in compositions.

The present invention discloses a circulating magnetoelectric-induction reaction system and application thereof. The system comprises an alternating induction voltage unit, an alternating induction magnetic field unit, a low-frequency power supply, and a feed liquid container. The alternating induction voltage unit is mainly composed of a closed iron core, a primary coil, a secondary coil, and an induction voltage cavity. The alternating induction magnetic field unit is mainly composed of a C-shaped iron core, a primary coil, and a magnetic field cavity. The low-frequency power supply is connected to the primary coils in the alternating induction voltage unit and the alternating induction magnetic field unit and provides excitation voltage for the primary coils. The secondary coil comprises an insulating pipeline, which serves as a feed liquid circulating pipeline, and has both ends exposed out of the induction voltage cavity, with one end as a feed inlet and the other as a discharge outlet. The feed liquid container communicates with the feed liquid circulating pipelines in the alternating induction voltage unit and the alternating induction magnetic field unit to form a feed liquid circulation loop. Through the application, continuous-flow processing can be achieved, electrochemical reaction and ionic polarization can be avoided, and production and processing can be conducted efficiently and rapidly in a large scale.

A linear flexible plasma generator having a function of cooling and temperature control. More efficient power control is possible, since a temperature of an electrode itself can be controlled in a state when plasma is discharged. In addition, since a temperature of the electrode surface can be decreased, use for the purposes of sterilization, neutralization, treatment, beauty treatment, and so on is possible.

The present invention discloses a circulating magnetoelectric-induction reaction system and application thereof. The system comprises an alternating induction voltage unit, an alternating induction magnetic field unit, a low-frequency power supply, and a feed liquid container. The alternating induction voltage unit is mainly composed of a closed iron core, a primary coil, a secondary coil, and an induction voltage cavity. The alternating induction magnetic field unit is mainly composed of a C-shaped iron core, a primary coil, and a magnetic field cavity. The low-frequency power supply is connected to the primary coils in the alternating induction voltage unit and the alternating induction magnetic field unit and provides excitation voltage for the primary coils. The secondary coil comprises an insulating pipeline, which serves as a feed liquid circulating pipeline, and has both ends exposed out of the induction voltage cavity, with one end as a feed inlet and the other as a discharge outlet. The feed liquid container communicates with the feed liquid circulating pipelines in the alternating induction voltage unit and the alternating induction magnetic field unit to form a feed liquid circulation loop. Through the application, continuous-flow processing can be achieved, electrochemical reaction and ionic polarization can be avoided, and production and processing can be conducted efficiently and rapidly in a large scale.

A system is described that is capable of operating as an energy conversion system that functions as a fuel cell and generates electrical current from a fuel or fuels, or as a reactor for conversion of starter materials into more complex molecules through ion-ion and ion-molecules and which may preferably be adapted to operate as a gas to liquid (GTL) process. The system ionises at least one fuel or starter material and manipulates, selects and transports ions for reaction by means of suitable electrostatic or electrodynamic ion guides, filters or drift tubes. The system of the present application replaces the electrolyte, catalyst and/or membrane found in classic fuel cells or GTL processes with an electrostatic or electrodynamic ion manipulation region such as an ion guide, analyser, drift tube or filter.

An exothermic reaction of hydrogen/deuterium loaded into a metal or alloy is triggered by controlling the frequency of a hydrogen/deuterium plasma in a reaction chamber. The plasma frequency is controlled by adjusting its electron density, which in turn is controlled by adjusting the pressure within the reaction chamber. An exothermic reaction is generated at certain discrete plasma frequencies, which correspond to the optical phonon modes of D-D, H-D, and HH bonds within the metal lattice. For example, in palladium metal, the frequencies are 8.5 THz, 15 THz, and 20 THz, respectively.

An exothermic reaction chamber includes at least one of an annular sleeve hosting a hydrogen-absorbing metal, and an electrode having either an outer diameter greater than 50 percent of the reaction chamber bore diameter, perturbations formed on the electrode outer surface, or both. The anode-to-cathode distance may be varied by controlling either or both of the thickness of the annular sleeve and the electrode diameter. Perturbations on the electrode outer surface, which facilitate electrical discharge, may be formed by winding wire around the electrode in a helical pattern, by machining the electrode, or by drilling holes through the electrode and inserting metal rods having pointed or rounded tips into the holes. Both by reducing the anode-to-cathode distance and via perturbations on the outer surface of the electrode, electrical discharge is enhanced. Electrical discharge may drive more hydrogen (deuterium) ions into the hydrogen-absorbing metal, enhancing the efficiency of exothermic reactions.

The present disclosure relates a method of purifying diamond by removing carbon contaminants from diamond grains in the diamond by a plasma cleaning process at a temperature at which metal inclusion contaminants in the diamond grains crack the diamond grains from within, and removing metal contaminants from the diamond in a chemical or electrochemical cleaning process.

A method for generating a hybrid reaction flows feedstock gas that is also a plasma medium through microchannels. Plasma is generated with the plasma medium via excitation with a time-varying voltage. UV or VUV emissions are generated at a wavelength selected to break a chemical bond in the feedstock gas. The UV or VUV emissions are directed into the microchannels to interact with the plasma medium and generate a reaction product from the plasma medium. A hybrid reactor device includes a microchannel plasma array having inlets and outlets for respectively flowing gas feedstock into and reaction product out of the microchannel plasma array. A UV or VUV emission lamp has its emissions directed into microchannels of the microchannel plasma array. Electrodes ignite plasma in the microchannels and stimulating the UV or VUV emission lamp to generate UV or VUV emissions. One common or plural phased time-varying voltage sources drive the plasma array and the UV or VUV emission lamp.