A composite material preparation system comprises a sealed reaction kettle for containing reactants and base materials; temperature and pressure detecting units for detecting the temperature and pressure inside the reaction kettle; and a heating unit for hydrothermally induced heating, based on the detected temperature and pressure values. The heating unit comprises an induction coil, an induction heating device, and a control mechanism for controlling the generation of an induction frequency of the induction heating device. The reaction kettle is located in the induction coil, both ends of the induction coil are mounted on an outer wall of the induction heating device, and the induction coil and the induction heating device have circulating water introduced inside. The device can prepare a composite material having good interface bonding, by utilizing induced heating under the premise of controllable temperature and pressure, and by utilizing the characteristic that the reactants themselves are heated.

An apparatus, comprising a magnetically conductive conduit having a fluid entry port, a fluid impervious boundary wall and a fluid discharge port defining a fluid impervious flow path through the magnetically conductive conduit, at least one end of the conduit having a taper forming a planar surface extending from an outer to an inner surface; an electrical conductor comprising a length of an electrical conducting material having a first and second conductor lead, the electrical conductor coiled with at least one turn to form an uninterrupted coil of electrical conductor encircling a section of the outer surface of the magnetically conductive conduit; and an electrical power supply operably connected to at least one of the first and second conductor leads, wherein the at least one coiled electrical conductor is thereby energized to provide a magnetic field having lines of flux directed along a longitudinal axis of the magnetically conductive conduit.

A system and method are provided for the separation of hydrogen from natural gas feedstock to form hydrocarbon radicals. Aspects of the system include perpendicular magnetic and electric fields, a method of radical formation that separates hydrogen from the reaction process, and a separation method based on centrifugal forces and phase transitions. The gases rotate in the chamber due to the Lorentz force without any mechanical motion. Rotation separates gases and liquids by centrifugal force. The lighter species are collected from the mid region endpoint of the apparatus and fed back for further reaction. A new concept of controlled turbulence is introduced to mix various species. A novel magnetic field device is introduced comprised of two specially magnetized cylinders. A novel control of temperatures, pressures, electron densities and profiles by, RF, microwaves, UV and rotation frequency are possible especially when atomic, molecular, cyclotron resonances are taken into account. The electrodes can be coated with catalysts; the entire apparatus can be used as a new type of chemical reactor.

A method and an apparatus for treating a fluid are disclosed. The apparatus includes a cylindrical chamber of non-magnetic material for holding a volume of fluid to be treated. The fluid contains a quantity of magnetic particles, preferably nanoparticles, having desired properties for treating the fluid. The apparatus includes a magnetic field generator for creating a non-static magnetic field within the chamber, thereby to induce motion in the magnetic particles within the chamber in use. The chamber has an inlet through which fluid to be treated can be introduced, and an outlet through which treated fluid can be removed from the chamber. Sets of windings are disposed concentrically about the chamber and arranged to create a rotating magnetic field within the chamber. Preferably the rotating magnetic field rotates in the opposite sense to swirling rotation of the fluid in the chamber. This enhances contact between the nano-particles and the fluid to be treated.

Provided are a moisture control apparatus, a moisture control method, a program, a storage medium, a produced object, a product, an apparatus, and a facility that can improve the characteristics of an object through moisture control. In a moisture control apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, a predetermined voltage or current including a DC component and/or an AC component is applied to at least one electrode that generates at least one of an electric field, a magnetic field, an electromagnetic field, electromagnetic waves, sound waves, and ultrasonic waves to achieve a bonded state of moisture elements in an object disposed to face the electrode, so that a property of the object is able to be improved.

A method for transforming selected renewable oils and fats, and optionally polyester waste plastic materials, into a plurality of reaction products via supercritical water is disclosed. The method comprises: conveying the selected oils and fats material through an extruder, wherein the extruder is configured to continuously convey the selected oils and fats material to a supercritical fluid reaction zone; injecting hot compressed water into the supercritical fluid reaction zone, while the extruder is conveying the selected oil and fats material into the supercritical fluid reaction zone so as to yield a mixture; retaining the mixture within the reaction zone for a period of time sufficient to yield the plurality of reaction products. The reaction zone may be characterized by a tubular reactor having an adjustably positionable inner tubular spear, wherein the tubular reactor and the inner tubular spear further define an annular space within the reaction zone, and wherein the mixture flows through the annular space and into a reaction products chamber.

A method for transforming selected plant or plant-derived materials, and optionally selected waste plastics, into a plurality of phenolic reaction products having a lower sulphur content than the original feedstock, via supercritical water is disclosed. The method comprises: conveying the selected plant or plant-derived materials, and optionally waste plastic material, through an extruder, wherein the extruder is configured to continuously convey the selected feedstock to a supercritical fluid reaction zone; injecting hot compressed water into the supercritical fluid reaction zone, while the extruder is conveying the selected plant and/or plant-derived mixture and optionally waste plastic material into the supercritical fluid reaction zone so as to yield a water-containing mixture; retaining the mixture within the reaction zone for a period of time sufficient to yield the plurality of phenolic reaction products having a lower sulphur content than the original feedstock. The reaction zone may be characterized by a tubular reactor having an adjustably positionable inner tubular spear, wherein the tubular reactor and the inner tubular spear further define an annular space within the reaction zone, and wherein the mixture flows through the annular space and into a reaction products chamber for separation into three phases.

A hierarchical catalyst composition comprising a continuous or particulate macroporous scaffold in which is incorporated mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles, wherein an enzyme is embedded in mesopores of the mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles. Methods for synthesizing the hierarchical catalyst composition are also described. Also described are processes that use the recoverable hierarchical catalyst composition for depolymerizing lignin, remediation of water contaminated with aromatic substances, polymerizing monomers by a free-radical mechanism, epoxidation of alkenes, halogenation of phenols, inhibiting growth and function of microorganisms in a solution, and carbon dioxide conversion to methanol. Further described are methods for increasing the space time yield and/or total turnover number of a liquid-phase chemical reaction that includes magnetic particles to facilitate the chemical reaction, the method comprising subjecting the chemical reaction to a plurality of magnetic fields of selected magnetic strength, relative position in the chemical reaction, and relative motion.

Systems and methods are disclosed for synthesizing one or more simple alcohols from mixtures including organic acids, water, and a superparamagnetic catalyst exposed to fluctuating magnetic fields under ambient conditions.

An inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system includes a reaction unit which includes a reaction chamber, which includes a reactant container and is disposed in a rotatable perpendicular magnetic field; a primary coil, which is wound around one side of a closed-loop iron core and is connected to a control unit; a secondary coil, which is wound around the other side of the closed-loop iron core and includes an insulating tube which allows a reaction solution acting as a conductor, two ends of the insulating tube being communicated with the reactant container; a rotating magnetic field unit, which is configured to generate the rotatable perpendicular magnetic field; and a control unit, which is at least configured to adjust an excitation voltage and a signal type applied on the primary coil.