A composition of matter is described characterized by its qualities to adsorb scents present in gas, liquid and solid matter phases, while simultaneously serving as a carrier for an active ingredient or combination of active ingredients. The composition may also include an additive. The active ingredients are simultaneously and/or independently released gradually by the carrier, or a combination of carriers.

The invention provides a biomass-based hyperbranched adsorption material with multi-adsorption sites to multiple heavy metal ions and a preparation method thereof. The biomass-based hyperbranched adsorption material with multi-adsorption sites to multiple heavy metal ions is prepared by one-step instant-crosslinking method using a biomass raw material as matrix and a hyperbranched polymer containing chelating atoms of N, O, and S as functional reagent, wherein the hyperbranched polymer has two or more different adsorption sites (containing elements such as N, S, O, etc.) to heavy metal ions.

The present invention relates to an activated carbon, having a pore volume (A) of 0.3 to 0.7 mL/g at a pore diameter of 6.5 to 50 nm as determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry, a pore volume (B) of 0.23 mL/g or less at a pore diameter of 750 to 4,000 nm as determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry, and a pore volume ratio (A)/(B) of 1.7 or higher.

A calcined hierarchical porous composite includes a carbon-based material, a bio-carrier material including biflavonoid and triterpenoid, and a layered double hydroxide. The carbon-based material includes graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and a combination thereof. The bio-carrier material includes biflavonoid and triterpenoid, and is configured for carrying the carbon-based material therein so as to form a precursor structure. The layered double hydroxide has phosphate-specific active sites, and is formed on the precursor structure. A method for making the calcined hierarchical porous composite is also disclosed.

A porous carbon material wherein a particle diameter is 10 μm or more but 1 cm or less; wherein a bulk specific gravity is 0.20 g/cm.sup.3 or more; and wherein a mesopore volume is 0.10 cm.sup.3/g or more.

A remedial composition is disclosed made from plant material residue that has been densified and then reduced into discrete pieces with a bulk density of from about 0.2 g/cm.sup.3 to about 0.5 g/cm.sup.3. The composition can be made from various different plant species and can be particularly made from agricultural crop byproducts, such as flax shives. The composition is particularly well suited for use as a remediation product for cleaning up and/or removing oily substances, such as petroleum products.

An apparatus for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease that includes a fabric container having at least one open end, a biogradable material capable of absorbing a large quantity of fats, oil and grease positioned in the container through the open end, the container and biogradable material adapted for being placed in a source of fats, oil and/or grease for absorbing the fats, oil and/or grease for removal from the source and for transport to a location for processing.

This disclosure provides a method of making a high-fixed-carbon material comprising pyrolyzing biomass to generate intermediate solids and a pyrolysis vapor; condensing the pyrolysis vapor to generate pyrolysis liquid; blending the pyrolysis liquid with the intermediate solids, to generate a mixture; and further pyrolyzing the mixture to generate a high-fixed-carbon material. A process can comprise: pyrolyzing a biomass-comprising feedstock in a first pyrolysis reactor to generate a first biogenic reagent and a first pyrolysis vapor; introducing the first pyrolysis vapor to a condensing system to generate a condenser liquid; contacting the first biogenic reagent with the condenser liquid, thereby generating an intermediate material; further pyrolyzing the intermediate material in a second pyrolysis reactor to generate a second biogenic reagent and a second pyrolysis vapor; and recovering the second biogenic reagent as a high-yield biocarbon composition. The process can further comprise pelletizing the intermediate material. Many process and system configurations are disclosed.

A method includes mixing a dry hydrophobic material with a dry superabsorbent polymer to improve the flowability of the polymer in humid conditions within a machine passageway having a residency time. The application of superabsorbent polymers in agriculture is desirable to aid plant growth in increasingly hot and dry conditions. However, dry bulk planting applications typically used in agriculture require the dry amendment to pass through confined channels and narrow pores. This is problematic because the polymers rapidly absorb moisture from the environment and adhere to the planting equipment causing fouling and clogging. The improvement in flowability provided by the compositions disclosed herein, is to the extent that the superabsorbent starch-like polymer can be applied using dry bulk planting applications in the humid conditions of Florida in the springtime. Surprisingly, the dry mixtures improve flowability without undermining the ability of the polymers to rapidly absorb moisture from rain.

The invention relates to absorbent compositions comprising soybean hulls and soybean hull biochar, methods of preparing such absorbent compositions, and methods of using such compositions in the preparation of articles of manufacture.