A method of treating PVC plates as well as plates and panels manufactured by this method. The plates and panels, in particular wall, ceiling or floor panels, comprise a heat-treated carrier plate based on polyvinyl chloride with a density of, for example, 900 to 2,500 kg/m.sup.3 and a film applied thereon. The film is a thin PVC-film and comprises a decorative pattern directly printed thereon.

Described herein is a curable coating composition including at least one Michael donor (A) having at least one acetoacetate group, at least one Michael acceptor (B) and at least one specific catalyst (C). Also described herein are a method of using the curable coating composition as a clear coating in a method to prepare a multilayer coating and a multilayer coating obtained from said process. Further described herein is a kit-of-parts including at least two separate containers C1 and C2, where the specific catalyst (C) and/or the at least one Michael acceptor (B) is contained in container C2. Additionally described herein is a method of using specific salts of carboxylic acids as catalyst in a reaction between a Michael donor (A) having at least one acetoacetate group and a Michael acceptor (B).

An anticorrosive coating includes a first curable liquid layer to the associated substrate, the first layer having a thickness of at least about 100 micrometers, wherein the first layer includes at least one polymer or at least one monomer, quasi-one-dimensional particles or quasi-two-dimensional particles, sacrificial metal particles, and a solvent, wherein a percolation threshold of the particles is not reached in the presence of the solvent, wherein the percolation threshold of the particles is reached when between about 1% and about 20% of the solvent evaporates, applying a second curable liquid layer having a thickness of at least 100 micrometers on the top of the first layer after the percolation threshold of the particles is reached and viscosity of the first layer increases more than 50%, and allowing the first layer and the second layer to cure simultaneously.

Provided is an aqueous coating composition capable of forming a coating film having superior metallic coating film appearance and coating film properties and reducing the amount of an organic solvent to be used. Also provided is a method for forming a metallic coating film using such an aqueous coating composition. Provided is an aqueous coating composition comprising a coating film-forming resin, a curing agent, a scaly pigment, an inorganic viscosity agent, a hydrophobic associative viscosity agent, and a dispersant, wherein the composition contains the inorganic viscosity agent in an amount of 1 to 7 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total resin solid content of the coating film-forming resin and the curing agent, and the composition contains the hydrophobic associative viscosity agent in an amount of 1 to 15 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total resin solid content of the coating film-forming resin and the curing agent.

A laminate containing a metallic base layer and a transparent colored layer formed on the metallic base layer. The metallic base layer contains an aluminum pigment, a light-scattering component, a surface adjusting agent, and a rheology control agent, the aluminum pigment being present in an amount of 15 to 70 parts by mass, on a solids basis; and the light-scattering component being present in an amount of 5 to 55 parts by mass, on a solids basis, based on 100 parts by mass of the metallic base layer. The transparent colored layer contains a resin component, a curing agent, and a color pigment, the color pigment being present in an amount of 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solids content of the transparent colored layer.

An object of the present invention is to provide a laminate which has a substrate, an intermediate layer, and a water-repellent layer laminated in this order, and has excellent abrasion resistance. The present invention is a laminate comprising: a substrate (s) having an anti-reflection layer; an intermediate layer (c) placed on the anti-reflection layer side of the substrate; and a water-repellent layer (r), in this order, wherein the intermediate layer (c) is a cured layer of a mixture composition (cc) of an organosilicon compound (C), or a vapor deposition layer of the organosilicon compound (C), the organosilicon compound (C) contains a silicon atom together with an amino group and/or an amine skeleton, the water-repellent layer (r) is a cured layer of a mixture composition (ca) of an organosilicon compound (A) in which a monovalent group having a perfluoropolyether structure is bound to a silicon atom through a linking group or without a linking group located therebetween, and a hydrolyzable group is bound to the silicon atom through a linking group or without a linking group located therebetween, and the laminate satisfies the following requirement (1), (1) a water sliding angle is not larger than 50° after a abrasion resistance test in which a 200 g load per 1.5 cm×1.5 cm area is applied to a surface on the water-repellent layer (r) side of the laminate and the surface is rubbed 20,000 times.

A window may include a substrate layer and a coating layer on the substrate layer. The coating layer may include water molecules.

A method of treating PVC plates as well as plates and panels manufactured by this method. The plates and panels, in particular wall, ceiling or floor panels, comprise a heat-treated carrier plate based on polyvinyl chloride with a density of, for example, 900 to 2,500 kg/m.sup.3 and a film applied thereon. The film is a thin PVC-film and comprises a decorative pattern directly printed thereon.

A method of treating PVC plates as well as plates and panels manufactured by this method. The plates and panels, in particular wall, ceiling or floor panels, comprise a heat-treated carrier plate based on polyvinyl chloride with a density of, for example, 900 to 2,500 kg/m.sup.3 and a film applied thereon. The film is a thin PVC-film and comprises a decorative pattern directly printed thereon.

A method of treating PVC plates as well as plates and panels manufactured by this method. The plates and panels, in particular wall, ceiling or floor panels, comprise a heat-treated carrier plate based on polyvinyl chloride with a density of, for example, 900 to 2,500 kg/m.sup.3 and a film applied thereon. The film is a thin PVC-film and comprises a decorative pattern directly printed thereon.