Disclosed is a cartridge case for various caliber ammunition that can consist essentially of a powdered metal and/or powdered metal alloy(s) that is formed into the cartridge case through an injection mold processing. Also disclosed is a method for forming a cartridge case, which may include use of Metal Injection Molding (“MIM”) processes to produce the cartridge case which retains a primer, propellant, and/or a bullet. Also disclosed are embodiments related to a case telescoped cartridge that may include a cap and a body. The body can consist essentially of or consists entirely of a powdered metal and/or powdered metal alloy(s) that has been formed through MIM. The cap can comprise plastic that has been formed through plastic molding or comprise powdered metal and/or powdered metal alloy(s) that has been formed through MIM.

Disclosed is a cartridge case for various caliber ammunition that can consist essentially of a powdered metal and/or powdered metal alloy(s) that is formed into the cartridge case through an injection mold processing. Also disclosed is a method for forming a cartridge case, which may include use of Metal Injection Molding (“MIM”) processes to produce the cartridge case which retains a primer, propellant, and/or a bullet. Also disclosed are embodiments related to a case telescoped cartridge that may include a cap and a body. The body can consist essentially of or consists entirely of a powdered metal and/or powdered metal alloy(s) that has been formed through MIM. The cap can comprise plastic that has been formed through plastic molding or comprise powdered metal and/or powdered metal alloy(s) that has been formed through MIM.

Metal composites, tooling and methods of additively manufacturing these are disclosed. Metal objects and structures as provided herein are additively manufactured from metal having an infill pattern infiltrated with a metal powder. Also provided herein are methods of forming such objects and structures. Methods include additively manufacturing a metal structure having an interior printed using an infill. Steps can further include infiltrating the printed infill of the structure with a powder metal thereby forming a composite.

Metal composites, tooling and methods of additively manufacturing these are disclosed. Metal objects and structures as provided herein are additively manufactured from metal having an infill pattern infiltrated with a metal powder. Also provided herein are methods of forming such objects and structures. Methods include additively manufacturing a metal structure having an interior printed using an infill. Steps can further include infiltrating the printed infill of the structure with a powder metal thereby forming a composite.

A method for fabricating a vane for a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) includes the steps of providing or obtaining a substrate metal in powdered form, mixing a binder with the powdered substrate metal to form a mixture, performing an injection molding process using the mixture to form a green substrate in the shape of the vane, debinding the green substrate to form a brown substrate in the shape of the vane having a porous structure, applying a surface treatment slurry to at least a portion of the brown substrate, and sintering the surface treated brown substrate to form the vane.

A method for fabricating a vane for a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) includes the steps of providing or obtaining a substrate metal in powdered form, mixing a binder with the powdered substrate metal to form a mixture, performing an injection molding process using the mixture to form a green substrate in the shape of the vane, debinding the green substrate to form a brown substrate in the shape of the vane having a porous structure, applying a surface treatment slurry to at least a portion of the brown substrate, and sintering the surface treated brown substrate to form the vane.

The present invention provides polymer ammunition having a primer insert having: a top surface; a bottom surface opposite the top surface; a coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, wherein the coupling element comprises an interior surface and an exterior surface, wherein the interior surface comprises: a transition region that transitions from the bottom surface to a second segment wherein the transition region has a radius of from 0.02 to 0.2; a first segment extending from the second segment and terminates at a tip, wherein the first segment has a first segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches and the second segment has a second segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches, wherein the second segment has a second segment angle from +3 to −3 degrees relative to the first segment angle and the first segment has a first segment angle from +6 to −6 degrees from perpendicular to the top surface; a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface; a primer flash aperture positioned in the primer recess through the bottom surface; and a flash aperture groove in the primer recess and positioned around the primer flash aperture and adapted to receive a polymer overmolding through the primer flash aperture.

The present invention provides polymer ammunition having a primer insert having: a top surface; a bottom surface opposite the top surface; a coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, wherein the coupling element comprises an interior surface and an exterior surface, wherein the interior surface comprises: a transition region that transitions from the bottom surface to a second segment wherein the transition region has a radius of from 0.02 to 0.2; a first segment extending from the second segment and terminates at a tip, wherein the first segment has a first segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches and the second segment has a second segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches, wherein the second segment has a second segment angle from +3 to −3 degrees relative to the first segment angle and the first segment has a first segment angle from +6 to −6 degrees from perpendicular to the top surface; a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface; a primer flash aperture positioned in the primer recess through the bottom surface; and a flash aperture groove in the primer recess and positioned around the primer flash aperture and adapted to receive a polymer overmolding through the primer flash aperture.

3D printing methods for workpiece supports, support structures, and workpieces having supports are disclosed. In an embodiment, a printing method of a workpiece support includes the following steps. (1) Configuring a first printing scheme by a printing software installed in a printing apparatus and configuring a workpiece support model according to the first printing scheme. (2) Printing a workpiece support skeleton according to the first printing scheme and the workpiece support model by the printing apparatus and obtaining the workpiece support by filling the workpiece support skeleton. Optionally, step (2) includes controlling a second nozzle to eject a ceramic wire according to the first printing scheme and the support model and controlling a first nozzle to eject a linear material according to the support model to fill the workpiece support skeleton.

A manufacturing method for three-dimensional structure has a layer forming step of supplying a flowable composition containing a powder and an organic material to form a unit layer, an organic material removing step of performing a treatment of removing the organic material on the unit layer, and an energy applying step of applying energy to the unit layer after the organic material removing step to form a molten layer or sintered layer, wherein the layer forming step, the organic material removing step, and the energy applying step are repeated with respect to the molten layer or sintered layer in a stacking direction as appropriate.