A method for manufacturing a large-area volume grating includes: (1) splitting a laser beam into two or more laser beams, converging the two or more laser beams into a sample at an angle less than 60° to form a first plasma grating; (2) moving the sample in a longitudinal direction of a plane vertical to the first plasma grating to etch out a first prefabricated volume grating; (3) moving the sample laterally to form a second plasma grating, an effective cross section of the first prefabricated volume grating partially overlapping with that of the second plasma grating, then moving the sample in a longitudinal direction of a plane vertical to the second plasma grating to etch out a second prefabricated volume; and (4) repeating steps (2) and (3) n times to obtain a volume grating in any size.

A processing system includes: an irradiation system that irradiates an object with an energy beam; a material supply member that supplies a build material irradiated with the energy beam; a measurement apparatus that obtains information related to a height of a surface of the object; and a distance change apparatus that changes a distance between the material supply member and the surface based on a measured result by the measurement apparatus.

A processing apparatus is equipped with: a first stage system that has a table on which a workpiece is placed and moves the workpiece held by the table; a beam irradiation system that includes a condensing optical system to emit beams; and a controller to control the first stage system and the beam irradiation system, and processing is performed to a target portion of the workpiece while the table and the beams from the condensing optical system are relatively moved, and at least one of an intensity distribution of the beams at a first plane on an exit surface side of the condensing optical system and an intensity distribution of the beams at a second plane whose position in a direction of an optical axis of the condensing optical system is different from the first plane can be changed.

A laser beam irradiation unit of a laser processing apparatus includes a first pulsed laser oscillator that oscillates a pulsed laser having a wavelength of 9 to 11 μm and a pulse width of 5 ns or less, a CO.sub.2 amplifier that amplifies a pulsed laser beam emitted from the first pulsed laser oscillator, and a condenser that focuses the pulsed laser beam amplified by the CO.sub.2 amplifier on a workpiece held on the chuck table.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a workpiece, specifically a rough diamond, into a product, specifically a brilliant. The method is performed by an apparatus providing a laser beam coupled into a pressurized fluid jet. The method comprises executing multiple cuts of the workpiece with the laser beam according to a predetermined cut-sequence to remove workpiece material with each completed cut. The method further comprises executing multiple rotations of the workpiece around the same axis of revolution according to a predetermined rotation-sequence. Thereby, a rotation is executed after a completed cut, and for executing a cut the laser beam is moved along a two-dimensional path.

A laser machining system includes: a laser irradiation device that irradiates a workpiece with a laser beam; a workpiece moving device that moves the workpiece; a laser irradiation controller that controls the laser irradiation device to control an irradiation position of the laser beam; and a workpiece move controller that controls the workpiece moving device to control at least one of the position and the posture of the workpiece. The workpiece move controller transmits information about at least one of the position and the posture of the workpiece to the laser irradiation controller. The laser irradiation controller compensates for the irradiation position of the laser beam based on the information received from the workpiece move controller.

Glass articles including one or more 3D printed surface features attached to a surface of a substrate at a contact interface between the 3D printed surface feature and the surface. The 3D printed surface feature(s) include a glass or a glass-ceramic, a compressive stress region at an exterior perimeter surface of the 3D printed surface feature(s), and a central tension region interior of the compressive stress region. The 3D printed surface feature(s) may be formed of a contiguous preformed material 3D printed on a surface of a substrate. The compressive stress region of a 3D printed surface feature may be formed using an ion-exchange process.

A device, and method, for laser cladding, in particular for extreme-high-speed-laser cladding (EHLA), comprising: at least three drive columns; a workpiece support for a product to be manufactured, the support being positioned centrally between the drive columns, and/or a support plate for a welding head, which is movably connected to the drive columns in three spatial directions (x, y, z) via multiple tension-compression struts and revolute joints that are fixed on the ends thereof, wherein, each drive column has at least one inner guide rail facing the workpiece support and/or the support plate with an inner carriage running in said rail for moving the workpiece support and/or the support plate in the three spatial directions and has an outer guide rail with an outer carriage running therein for guiding a counterweight vertically in the opposite direction to the inner carriage; and a welding head.

Provided is a femtosecond laser system for processing a micro-hole array, comprising: a femtosecond laser, a half-wave plate, a polarizer, a concave lens, a convex lens, a diaphragm, a mechanical shutter, a phase-type spatial light modulator, a first plano-convex lens, a reflecting mirror, a second plano-convex lens, a dichroic mirror, a camera, a processing objective lens, a six-axis translation stage and a transmissive white light source.

A laser tube cutting machine for the cutting processing of tubes with a workpiece moving device, which receives the tube and moves it relative to a push-through device supporting the tube, which is guided by clamping jaws of the push-through device. A laser machining device is associated with the push-through device and has a processing head which directs a laser beam emerging from the processing head onto the tube. A tool of a processing device mechanical processes the tube, which tool is moveable in at least one direction of movement relative to the tube. At least one counterholder is movable into a working position for abutting against the tube, which counterholder acts in the opposite direction to the direction of application of force of the tool.