A unit for the regulation for control of a fluid pressure, having at least one housing section and a switching film connected to the at least one housing section. A chemically inert, non-rubber-like PTFEswitching film switching film is disposed in the valve housing and switches at pressure differences of 1 mbar to 250 mbar for regulating, opening or blocking a flow of a fluid from the inlet to the outlet. The switching film is formed of a fluorine and carbon containing polymer material. The switching film has a plate-shaped flat body with a bending region and has a central closure region surrounded by the bending region. The bending region, when switching the switching film, moves the central closure region relative to a valve seat of the valve housing in an axial direction of the plate-shaped flat body toward or away from the valve seat by a stretch free or low-stretch bending movement.

A laser lap welding method is provided. The laser lap welding method includes linearly scanning one side surface of overlapped plural workpieces with a laser beam in a linear scanning range of from a welding start point of the one side surface to a welding end point thereof to weld the plural workpieces; controlling a power of the laser beam to gradually decrease until the laser beam reaches the welding end point when the laser beam reaches a laser power control point in the linear scanning range a predetermined time before the laser beam reaches the welding end point; and performing circular laser scanning using the laser beam around an axis extending in a depth direction of the plural workpieces through the welding end point after the laser beam reaches the welding end point to circularly melt and fluidize a portion of the plural workpieces around the welding end point.

A laser lap welding method is provided. The laser lap welding method includes linearly scanning one side surface of overlapped plural workpieces with a laser beam in a linear scanning range of from a welding start point of the one side surface to a welding end point thereof to weld the plural workpieces; controlling a power of the laser beam to gradually decrease until the laser beam reaches the welding end point when the laser beam reaches a laser power control point in the linear scanning range a predetermined time before the laser beam reaches the welding end point; and performing circular laser scanning using the laser beam around an axis extending in a depth direction of the plural workpieces through the welding end point after the laser beam reaches the welding end point to circularly melt and fluidize a portion of the plural workpieces around the welding end point.

The invention relates to a method for conducting and monitoring a machining process of a workpiece (10), in particular a welding process for joining the workpiece (10) to a further workpiece (10), by means of a high-energy machining beam (14), wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating a high-energy machining beam (14); projecting and/or focusing the machining beam (14) onto the workpiece (10), wherein, in accordance with a machining control signal, different machining regions of the workpiece (10) are machined; generating a measurement beam (16) by means of an optical coherence tomograph (18), wherein the measurement beam (16) is able to be coupled into the machining beam (14); determining measurement points (20) during the machining process by means of the optical coherence tomograph (18) using the measurement beam (16), in accordance with a measurement control signal; obtaining at least one external signal which is based on a measured variable and which is independent of a processing of the machining control signal and of the measurement control signal; generating an evaluation on the basis of the measurement points (20) and of the at least one external signal, which evaluation comprises a comparison of the measurement points (20) with at least one threshold value; monitoring the machining process on the basis of the evaluation.

The invention relates further to a correspondingly configured device for conducting and monitoring a machining process of a workpiece (10).

The invention relates to a method for conducting and monitoring a machining process of a workpiece (10), in particular a welding process for joining the workpiece (10) to a further workpiece (10), by means of a high-energy machining beam (14), wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating a high-energy machining beam (14); projecting and/or focusing the machining beam (14) onto the workpiece (10), wherein, in accordance with a machining control signal, different machining regions of the workpiece (10) are machined; generating a measurement beam (16) by means of an optical coherence tomograph (18), wherein the measurement beam (16) is able to be coupled into the machining beam (14); determining measurement points (20) during the machining process by means of the optical coherence tomograph (18) using the measurement beam (16), in accordance with a measurement control signal; obtaining at least one external signal which is based on a measured variable and which is independent of a processing of the machining control signal and of the measurement control signal; generating an evaluation on the basis of the measurement points (20) and of the at least one external signal, which evaluation comprises a comparison of the measurement points (20) with at least one threshold value; monitoring the machining process on the basis of the evaluation.

The invention relates further to a correspondingly configured device for conducting and monitoring a machining process of a workpiece (10).

A method of manufacturing a fabricated object according to at least one embodiment includes a step of forming the fabricated object by laminating metal powder, the fabricated object including an opening portion that communicates with a hollow internal space, a step of mounting a plug in the opening portion, and a step of welding the plug mounted in the opening portion to the fabricated object.

A process for manufacturing a light-alloy hybrid wheel, implements the following separate operation phases: making a flange with an internal profile capable of constituting a tire bead seat; making a rim with, on one side, an outer profile capable of constituting a tire bead seat and, on the other side, a circular flank for assembly with a part of the flange; and assembling the flange with the rim, at the seat of said flange and the circular flank of the rim. The rim is made according to the following consecutive operations: an operation of manufacturing a circular flank; then an operation of expanding said circular flank to the size of the final rim in a single step; then an operation of cold or hot flospinning of said circular flank so as to obtain the rim in the final shape and profile thereof, comprising a shoulder only on the side that will not be welded to the flange.

A process for manufacturing a light-alloy hybrid wheel, implements the following separate operation phases: making a flange with an internal profile capable of constituting a tire bead seat; making a rim with, on one side, an outer profile capable of constituting a tire bead seat and, on the other side, a circular flank for assembly with a part of the flange; and assembling the flange with the rim, at the seat of said flange and the circular flank of the rim. The rim is made according to the following consecutive operations: an operation of manufacturing a circular flank; then an operation of expanding said circular flank to the size of the final rim in a single step; then an operation of cold or hot flospinning of said circular flank so as to obtain the rim in the final shape and profile thereof, comprising a shoulder only on the side that will not be welded to the flange.

A measuring device for monitoring a laser welding process that is connectable to a machining device for machining a workpiece by a high-energy processing beam that is displaceable on the workpiece along a main machining path that corresponds to a contour of a closed geometric figure. The measuring device includes an optical coherence tomography unit having a measuring beam source for generating an optical measuring beam that is displaceable on the workpiece by at least one movable deflection unit. The optical measuring beam is displaceable on the workpiece along a first discrete measuring line, along a second discrete measuring line, and along a third discrete measuring line, in each case transversely with respect to the main machining path and intersecting same. The measuring device is configured for determining characteristic features of the geometric figure represented by the main machining path, according to the collected measuring data.

A measuring device for monitoring a laser welding process that is connectable to a machining device for machining a workpiece by a high-energy processing beam that is displaceable on the workpiece along a main machining path that corresponds to a contour of a closed geometric figure. The measuring device includes an optical coherence tomography unit having a measuring beam source for generating an optical measuring beam that is displaceable on the workpiece by at least one movable deflection unit. The optical measuring beam is displaceable on the workpiece along a first discrete measuring line, along a second discrete measuring line, and along a third discrete measuring line, in each case transversely with respect to the main machining path and intersecting same. The measuring device is configured for determining characteristic features of the geometric figure represented by the main machining path, according to the collected measuring data.