An elastic film has a perforation formed by perforation holes that are elongated along a preferred expanding direction in the unexpanded state, wherein the ratio of the length of the perforation holes determined along the preferred expanding direction to a width of the perforation holes determined perpendicular thereto amounts to at least 3:2. The elongation at break along the preferred expanding direction is at least twice as high as the elongation at break determined perpendicular thereto along the width of the perforation holes.

Provided is a mask manufacturing method including preparing a preliminary mask sheet including a first surface and a second surface facing each other, forming a mask support part including a concave part recessed from the first surface and a protrusion part adjacent to the concave part and protruding from the first surface by irradiating a first laser light to the first surface of the preliminary mask sheet, and forming an opening part adjacent to the protrusion part and penetrating the preliminary mask sheet by irradiating a second laser light on the second surface of the preliminary mask sheet.

A laser processing apparatus includes a spatial light modulator for inputting laser light output from a laser light source and outputting laser light after phase modulation by a hologram, and a control unit for presenting, on the spatial light modulator, the hologram for focusing the laser light after the phase modulation output from the spatial light modulator on a plurality of irradiation points in a processing object by a focusing optical system. The control unit controls light intensities of at least two irradiation points included in the plurality of irradiation points independently of each other.

Systems, devices, and techniques for creating blind annular vias for metallized vias are described. For example, a vortex beam may be applied to an optically transmissive substrate, where the vortex beam may modify a portion of the substrate in an annular shape. The annular shape may extend from a surface of the substrate to a depth that is less than a thickness of the substrate, and the annular shape may have an annular width (e.g., a ring width) that is the same for various diameters of the annular shape. A blind annular via may be formed by etching the modified portion of the substrate, where the blind annular via may include a pillar comprising the same material as the surrounding substrate. In addition, a metallized annular via may be created by filling the blind annular via with a conductive material, and removing a portion of the substrate opposite the surface.

Machining device (100) comprising: a light source (33); an optial system (2) for obtaining a spatially offest outgoing light beam (7) remaining parallel to a given position upstream focusing means (9), said optical system (2) comprising: a movable mirror (19) such that its normal is able to depict a trajectory in a three-dimensional space, said optical system (2) being configured such that said first incident light beam (4) and said normal to the movable mirror (19) are separated by an angle (15) comprised between 0° and 15° for all possible positions and orientations of said movable mirror (19); driving means (6) for moving said movable mirror (19); a retro refletion system (21) able to provide a second incident light beam (8) parallel to a first refelected light beam (23) on said movable mirror (19); focusing means (9) for focusing outgoing light beam (7) on a target (10).

A method and associated system are provided for producing a perforation line between adjacent lottery tickets in an automated production line wherein a substrate having lottery tickets printed thereon is conveyed through a perforation station in the production line. A perforation machine in the line is controlled to define a perforation line between the adjacent lottery tickets. The controlling process includes inputting control variables into a controller associated with the perforation machine, the control variables relating to conditions that determine a desired perforation profile of the perforation line. The controller programs the perforation machine with a specific perforation profile for the perforation line that is generated based on the entered control variables, and changes the perforation profile upon inputting of different values for the control variables. The perforation profile is specifically tailored to the control variables between different ticket production runs, or between tickets in the same ticket production run.

A method of machining cooling holes includes providing a workpiece in which a cooling hole is to be formed. The cooling hole, once formed, defines distinct first and second sections. The workpiece is secured in a fixture that is mounted in a first machine. In the first machine, a laser is used to drill a through-hole in a wall of the workpiece. The through-hole is spatially common to the first and second sections of the cooling hole. After drilling the through-hole, the fixture with the workpiece secured therein is removed from the first machine and mounted in a second machine. In the second machine, ultrasonic machining is used to expand a portion of the through-hole to form the second section. An abrasive slurry used in the process is drained through the through-hole during the ultrasonic machining.

A flexure hinge with two material segments connected to each other via a material tapering to a thin spot which defines a pivot axis between the two material segments. The material segments are provided with recesses such that the strength existing in the thin spot with respect to normal stresses or bending stresses is kept largely constant within a distance from the thin spot.

A flexure hinge with two material segments connected to each other via a material tapering to a thin spot which defines a pivot axis between the two material segments. The material segments are provided with recesses such that the strength existing in the thin spot with respect to normal stresses or bending stresses is kept largely constant within a distance from the thin spot.

A flexure hinge with two material segments connected to each other via a material tapering to a thin spot which defines a pivot axis between the two material segments. The material segments are provided with recesses such that the strength existing in the thin spot with respect to normal stresses or bending stresses is kept largely constant within a distance from the thin spot.