A coil spring for use in a link-motion-type suspension includes a lower end turn portion, an upper end turn portion, and an effective portion of a cylindrical shape between the lower end turn portion and the upper end turn portion. Further, the coil spring includes a bowing control portion including a taper portion formed in at least one end turn portion of the lower end turn portion and the upper end turn portion. The taper portion has a shape whose thickness is reduced from the middle of the end turn portion toward a distal end of a wire along its length, and bowing of the effective portion is suppressed by absorbing a change in the inclination of a spring seat by the taper portion.

A coil spring for use in a link-motion-type suspension includes a lower end turn portion, an upper end turn portion, and an effective portion of a cylindrical shape between the lower end turn portion and the upper end turn portion. Further, the coil spring includes a bowing control portion including a taper portion formed in at least one end turn portion of the lower end turn portion and the upper end turn portion. The taper portion has a shape whose thickness is reduced from the middle of the end turn portion toward a distal end of a wire along its length, and bowing of the effective portion is suppressed by absorbing a change in the inclination of a spring seat by the taper portion.

A vibration damper, which can be utilized in a chassis of a vehicle, may comprise a damper tube and a working piston that is guided in a longitudinal axis over an inner side of the damper tube. The vibration damper may also include a reinforcing sleeve that is positioned on an outer side of the damper tube. A receptive fork for attachment to the chassis can be arranged on the reinforcing sleeve. The reinforcing sleeve may be delimited in a direction of the longitudinal axis by a peripheral edge. In a region of the peripheral edge, a sealing element enclosing the outer side of the damper tube may be accommodated in the reinforcing sleeve. The peripheral edge may have a plastically deformed reshaping section that engages around the sealing element.

A stabilizer bar link includes a hollow rod, an insert part mounted inside the rod, and a socket into which the rod is inserted and mounted, the socket having an outer surface coupled to the rod.

The present invention is a torsion beam suspension 100 including an upper member 10 and a lower member 20, and including right and left trailing arms 50 configured to include a pair of trailing arm configuration members 11 and the pair of lower members and configured to extend in a longitudinal direction of a vehicle body and to be swingable in a vertical direction and a torsion beam 16 which is disposed between the right and left trailing arm configuration members of the upper member 10. The lower member includes an upper connection 21 and a beam joint portion 22 inclined from the upper connection 21 to a bottom portion of the U-shaped cross section of the torsion beam and joined with the torsion beam.

Energy storing suspension components having an end configured to include an eye are disclosed in combinations with bushings for use in suspension systems for wheeled vehicles and trailers. The energy storing suspension components include an axle seat portion, an end, and a limb extending between the axle seat portion and the end. The limb includes a first taper wherein the limb decreases in width as the limb extends toward the end, a second taper wherein the limb decreases in thickness as the limb extends toward the end, wherein along the limb there is at least a portion where both the first taper and second taper are present, and a third taper that is further from the axle seat portion than the first taper and wherein the limb increases in width as the limb extends toward the end.

A vehicle spring for a spring system, includes a spring body (20) and is produced, in particular rolled, from a profiled bar (1) made of a flat steel bar, in particular spring steel, in a hot deformation process. The profiled bar (1) or the spring body (20) has at least one material recess (6) which is provided over the length of the profiled bar or the spring body at least in some regions. The cross-sectional shape of the profiled bar (1) can be the same over the entire length of the profiled bar, whereas the cross-sectional shape in the spring body (20) can vary over the length of the spring body.

Energy storing suspension components having an end configured to include an eye are disclosed in combinations with bushings for use in suspension systems for wheeled vehicles and trailers. The energy storing suspension components include an axle seat portion, an end, and a limb extending between the axle seat portion and the end. The limb includes a first taper wherein the limb decreases in width as the limb extends toward the end, a second taper wherein the limb decreases in thickness as the limb extends toward the end, wherein along the limb there is at least a portion where both the first taper and second taper are present, and a third taper that is further from the axle seat portion than the first taper and wherein the limb increases in width as the limb extends toward the end.

Energy storing suspension components for use in suspension systems for wheeled vehicles and trailers are disclosed. The energy storing suspension components include an axle seat portion, an end, and a limb extending between the axle seat portion and the end. The limb includes a first taper wherein the limb decreases in width as the limb extends toward the end, a second taper wherein the limb decreases in thickness as the limb extends toward the end, wherein along the limb there is at least a portion where both the first taper and second taper are present, and a third taper that is further from the axle seat portion than the first taper and wherein the limb increases in width as the limb extends toward the end. Also disclosed are combinations of bushings and energy storing suspension components having an end configured to include an eye.

Automotive leaf springs are produced from low-hardenability and specified hardenability steel, with identical and different length, width and thickness and constant or variable cross section profile, that are subjected to through-surface hardening and low tempering. The ideal critical diameter of hardening, carbon content and hardened layer depth depend on the thickness of constant cross section profile leaf and maximum and minimum thicknesses of variable cross section profile leafs. Adherence to the optimum correlations of parameters indicated make it possible to produce leaf springs with the highest mechanical properties and longevity.