A leaning vehicle including a vehicle body frame, at least one steerable wheel, a handlebar, of which the manipulation by a rider generates a steering torque, a steering actuator configured to steer the at least one steerable wheel, a roll rate sensor configured to detect a roll rate of the vehicle body frame, and a steering actuator controller. The steering actuator controller includes a torque estimation section that receives an input to thereby generate an estimated value of the steering torque, and a current determination section that obtains a control current based on the estimated valued of the steering torque generated by the torque estimation section, and outputs the control current to the steering actuator to control the steering actuator. The input of the torque estimation section includes the roll rate obtained from the roll rate sensor, but is free from any value of the steering torque detected by a torque sensor.

A human-powered vehicle control device includes an electronic controller for controlling a transmission that changes a ratio of a rotational speed of a drive wheel to a rotational speed of a crank of the human-powered vehicle. The electronic controller switches the transmission from a first control state to a second control state in accordance with at least one of a human drive force, a rider's posture, a vehicle body attitude, a handle force, and a human-powered vehicle travel state, In the first control state, the electronic controller controls the transmission to change the ratio in accordance with an operation of a shift operating unit. In the second control state, irrespective of the operation of the shift operating unit, the electronic controller controls the transmission such that the ratio increases in accordance with the travel state of the human-powered vehicle and/or a travel environment of the human-powered vehicle.

A leaning vehicle including a vehicle body frame that is configured to lean leftward and rightward respectively when the leaning vehicle is turning left and right, a steerable wheel supported by the vehicle frame body, a steering mechanism steering the steerable wheel, and a posture control actuator device. The posture control actuator device includes a posture control actuator that outputs power to control posture of the vehicle body frame, and an angular rate sensor that detects an amount of change per unit time of a rotation angle of the vehicle body frame around a rotation axis thereof, the rotation angle changing as the vehicle body frame is rotating around the rotation axis. The posture control actuator device is supported by the vehicle body frame, and is attachable to and detachable from the vehicle body frame. The posture control actuator and the angular rate sensor are not displaceable relative to each other.

A variable stem for a human-powered vehicle basically includes a head tube mount, a handlebar mount, a stem body, a positioning structure and a controller. The stem body couples the handlebar mount to the head tube mount. The stem body is configured to be moved between a first position and a second position. The handlebar mount is disposed at a different location with respect to the head tube mount with the stem body in the first position as compared to the stem body being in the second position. The positioning structure is configured to selectively position the stem body between a first position and a second position. The controller is configured to control the positioning structure while the human-powered vehicle is in a driving state.

Collision alert systems and methods for micromobility vehicles includes a proximity sensor, a speed sensor, a warning device, and a controller having a bypass mode and a warning mode. The controller compares the speed of the micromobility vehicle with a predetermined speed threshold, enters the bypass mode when the speed of the micromobility vehicle is less than the predetermined speed threshold, and enters the warning mode when the speed of the micromobility vehicle is greater than the predetermined speed threshold. The controller does not activate the warning device in the bypass mode. In the warning mode, calculates an estimated time until a potential collision with the object, compares the estimated time object with a predetermined time threshold, and generates a collision warning by activating the warning device in response to the estimated time until collision being less than the predetermined time threshold.

The control device (20) corrects a basic movement command for a mobile body (1), which is based on an operator's maneuvering operation, in accordance with a positional relationship between the mobile body and an obstacle, and performs movement control of the mobile body (1) in accordance with the corrected movement command. The control device (20) is configured to correct the basic movement command, when a distance d between the obstacle and the mobile body (1) has become a predetermined value d1 or less, to cause a yaw rate in a direction away from the obstacle to be additionally generated on the mobile body (1), and also configured to correct the basic movement command so as to cause a rate of increase in magnitude of the yaw rate with respect to a decrease of the distance to be increased as the distance d is closer to the predetermined value d1.

Disclosed is a vehicle that may include a frame to support a power system, such as an engine, and one or more surface supports, such as one or more wheels, to support the frame. The engine may include an internal combustion engine and a fuel supply system therefore. The engine may provide power to drive the wheels.

A leaning vehicle includes a body frame, a steered wheel and a non-steered wheel, a motor, a left-right-tilt-angle-detection-section, and a control device that controls the motor to apply a steering force to the steered wheel. The steering force steers the steered wheel to turn the leaning vehicle rightward in a case where the body frame tilts rightward, and steers the steered wheel to turn the leaning vehicle leftward in a case where the body frame tilts leftward. Alternatively, the steering force steers the steered wheel to turn the leaning vehicle leftward in the case where the body frame tilts rightward, and steers the steered wheel to turn the leaning vehicle rightward in the case where the body frame tilts leftward.

A lighting system for a vehicle at least one primary low beam element at least a first adaptive element, a second adaptive element and a third adaptive element and a lean angle sensor generating a lean angle signal. A controller controls the plurality of adaptive elements so that the first element, the second element and third element are extinguished at less than a first lean angle, between the first and a second lean angle greater than the first lean angle illuminating the first adaptive element, between the second and a third lean angle greater than the second lean angle illuminating the first and second adaptive elements, between the third lean angle and a fourth lean angle greater than the third lean angle illuminating the second adaptive element and the third adaptive element and extinguishing the first adaptive element in response to the lean angle signal.

An assistance system includes a resistance detecting unit obtaining a resistance factor, a database storing starting torque values and operating torque values, a torque calculation unit including a controller, and a torque-control handlebar grip operated to trigger an assigned gain and to tune the same to be provided to the torque calculation unit. When switched to an aided mode, the controller calculates a compensated torque value based on one of the starting/operating torque values and the resistance factor, calculates an output torque value by a product of the compensated torque value, the assist ratio and the assigned gain, and controls a torque motor to drive rotation of a driving wheel based on the output torque value.