The present invention pertains to the field of oral electrolyte solutions (OES), particularly OES for calves. Particularly the present invention is in the fields of reducing diarrhea, reducing body weight loss, reducing fecal water loss and/or improving blood acid-base balance in a calf suffering from diarrhea.

Described herein are methods of producing animal feed made up of oligosaccharide compositions, as well as methods of producing such oligosaccharide compositions and animal feed compositions, and methods of using such animal feed compositions to enhance animal growth.

Described herein are methods of producing animal feed made up of oligosaccharide compositions, as well as methods of producing such oligosaccharide compositions and animal feed compositions, and methods of using such animal feed compositions to enhance animal growth.

Described herein is a composition used for shelf-stable, wet pet food applications, comprising a blend of a first starch or flour and a second starch or flour, wherein the blend makes up 1-10 wt % of the composition and wherein the first starch or flour is a TI or HMT starch or flour and a salt component making up 0.1-5 wt % of the composition; wherein the composition has a post-retort viscosity of less than 1500 centipoise measured at 165° F.

Described herein is a composition used for shelf-stable, wet pet food applications, comprising a blend of a first starch or flour and a second starch or flour, wherein the blend makes up 1-10 wt % of the composition and wherein the first starch or flour is a TI or HMT starch or flour and a salt component making up 0.1-5 wt % of the composition; wherein the composition has a post-retort viscosity of less than 1500 centipoise measured at 165° F.

The present patent application refers to a nutritional formulation presented as animal feed, concentrate and supplement, with extruded characteristic, based on crop haystacks or culture residues, with the object to complement or provide nutritional requirements for ruminants and/or equines, disclosing a product with considerable reduction of the final cost, due to the abundance of the raw material as used being originated from annual crop haystacks, improving the utilization of the food contained in the final product, with gains of digestibility, consequently improving the effectiveness of the rational use of nutritional resources with those species.

The present patent application refers to a nutritional formulation presented as animal feed, concentrate and supplement, with extruded characteristic, based on crop haystacks or culture residues, with the object to complement or provide nutritional requirements for ruminants and/or equines, disclosing a product with considerable reduction of the final cost, due to the abundance of the raw material as used being originated from annual crop haystacks, improving the utilization of the food contained in the final product, with gains of digestibility, consequently improving the effectiveness of the rational use of nutritional resources with those species.

A method for controlling sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in a dairy cow. The method includes placing a pH sensor in a rumen of the dairy cow, obtaining pH data of the rumen utilizing the pH sensor, receiving the pH data by one or more processors, calculating a first average of the pH data and a second average of the pH data utilizing the one or more processors, generating a plurality of pH classes based on a plurality of predefined pH ranges, generating a plurality of sodium bicarbonate classes based on a plurality of predefined sodium bicarbonate mass ranges, designing a fuzzy control system based on a set of rules, and determining an amount of sodium bicarbonate to add to a water supply of the dairy cow utilizing the fuzzy control system based on the first average and the second average.

Pet food compositions as well as method for alleviating pruritus, erythema, alopecia, or skin and ear secretion are disclosed herein. The pet food composition may comprise from about 1 to about 10 wt. % of quinoa; from about 1 to about 10 wt. % of amaranth; and from about 0.5 to about 8 wt. % of egg shell membrane, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the pet food composition on a dry matter basis.

A method for preparing drinking water for livestock includes mixing 2.5 to 5.0 WT % of tourmaline and 2.5 to 5.0 WT % of illite as natural minerals in powder form of 2 to 3 μm with 90 to 95 WT % of water to produce a mixed solution, and maintaining the mixed solution for 5 to 7 hours at room temperature, and removing the tourmaline powders and illite powders to produce leachate; mixing 15 to 25 WT % of detoxified sulfur in powder form of 2 to 3 μm, 10 to 25 WT % of Rrhus verniciflua Stokes extract, and 10 to 25 WT % of Momordicae Semen extract with 25 to 65 WT % of the leachate to produce a liquid mixture, and maintaining the liquid mixture for 12 hours; and mixing 150 to 250 ml of the liquid mixture with 20 l of water and maintaining the liquid mixture for 6 to 7 hours for amplification.