A spiral mixing chamber for dissolving a gas into a liquid, features a new and unique combination of a cap and a mixing plate. The cap may include a gas injector configured to receive gas. The mixing plate may include: a liquid inlet configured to receive liquid, a mixture outlet configured to provide a mixture of the gas and liquid from the spiral mixing chamber, and a flow path configured as a spiral geometry having a spiral that winds in a continuous and gradual curve around a central point from the liquid inlet to the mixture outlet, the flow path having flow path obstructions configured to cause disturbances in the flow which generates turbulent vortices that work to break apart bubbles in the mixture flowing through the spiral mixing chamber or device.

Methods related generally to the removal of atmospheric pollutants from the gas phase, are provided. The methods involve contacting a first stream comprising NO and/or NO.sub.2 with a second stream comprising (ClO.sub.2).sup.0 to provide a third stream comprising NO and NO.sub.2 at a molar ratio of about 1:1; and contacting the third stream with a fourth stream comprising an aqueous metal hydroxide (MOH) solution to convert NO and NO.sub.2 to MNO.sub.2.

Integrated exhaust gas systems, methods, and processes are disclosed that includes pretreatment, treatment and post-treatment processes arranged in a variety of reaction environments to address varied application requirements and end product requirements is described in this disclosure. In addition, a contemplated ballast water treatment systemthat can be used in combination with the integrated exhaust gas systems can treat seawater and return it to storage within the vessel or send treated water back to the sea. This system can be sized to treat the seawater as it is leaving the ship without prior treatment, while the seawater is aboard or treat the seawater that is within the ship and add any additional treatment to the water, as the seawater leaves the ship. This system is not involved with pumping the seawater into the ship or filtering the water prior to storage as ballast water.

Methods related generally to the removal of atmospheric pollutants from the gas phase, are provided, as well as related apparatus, processes and uses thereof. A single-stage air scrubbing apparatus is provided that includes at least one reaction vessel, at least one introduction duct, and a turbulence component, wherein a residence time is sufficient to allow the conversion of at least one atmospheric pollution compound to at least one other compound, molecule or atom. In some embodiments, the at least one atmospheric pollution compound comprises nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide or a combination thereof. Additionally, methods of removing atmospheric pollution compounds from a waste gas stream are disclosed that include introducing a waste gas stream and at least one additional gas stream, mist stream, liquid stream or combination thereof into a single-stage air scrubbing apparatus at a flow rate sufficient to allow for conversion of the at least one atmospheric pollution compound.

The present invention relates to articles comprising a plurality of molded hollow parts (11) having different central axis (14, 15) through the hollow elements, further having passages in walls of the hollow parts transverse to the central axis of the hollow parts. The present invention also relates to methods applying two part curable materials to substrates using the molded parts of the invention as mixing elements.

The present invention relates to articles comprising a plurality of molded hollow parts (11) having different central axis (14, 15) through the hollow elements, further having passages in walls of the hollow parts transverse to the central axis of the hollow parts. The present invention also relates to methods applying two part curable materials to substrates using the molded parts of the invention as mixing elements.

Adapter (130, 430, 500, 600, 700)s for mixing devices are provided. The adapter (130, 430, 500, 600, 700) connects to a fluid delivery component (110, 310, 410) at the first end (132, 332, 432, 532, 612A, 612B, 632, 732) to receive multiple fluid feeding materials and connects to a mixer tip (120, 320, 420, 820) at the second end (134, 334, 434, 634, 734) to deliver the feeding materials.

A dynamic mixer for a plurality of fluid components contains a housing and a rotor element which is rotatably arranged in the housing, with the housing having an inlet opening for at least one respective component and having at least one outlet opening. A ring-shaped intermediate space is provided between the rotor element and the housing in which a mixing element connected to the rotor element is arranged. The mixing element has a vane element which is formed as a directing element for conveying the components from the inlet opening to the outlet opening. The vane element is a directing element and has a directing surface which has a concave curvature with respect to the outlet opening and is further remote from the outlet opening at the onflow side than at the outflow side.

One aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising a single-stage conversion of an atmospheric pollutant, such as NO, NO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.x in a first stream to one or more mineral acids and/or salts thereof by reacting with nonionic gas phase chlorine dioxide (ClO.sub.2.sup.0), wherein the reaction is carried out in the gas phase. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising first adjusting the atmospheric pollutant concentrations in a first stream to a molar ratio of about 1:1, and then reacting with an aqueous metal hydroxide solution (MOH). Another aspect of the invention relates to an apparatus that can be used to carry out the methods disclosed herein. The methods disclosed herein are unexpectedly efficient and cost effective, and can be applied to a stream comprising high concentration and large volume of atmospheric pollutants.

Methods related generally to the removal of atmospheric pollutants from the gas phase, are provided. The methods involve contacting a first stream comprising NO and/or NO.sub.2 with a second stream comprising (ClO.sub.2).sup.0 to provide a third stream comprising NO and NO.sub.2 at a molar ratio of about 1:1; and contacting the third stream with a fourth stream comprising an aqueous metal hydroxide (MOH) solution to convert NO and NO.sub.2 to MNO.sub.2.