In some embodiments, apparatuses and methods provided herein are useful for dispensing a fluid, such as a thixotropic fluid. In some embodiments, a bottle having a closure cap includes a flip top, a base, and a disk, where the base and disk define a mixing chamber configured to facilitate mixing of any serum or liquid separated from the fluid back therein. In some configurations, the base has a central opening through which the fluid exits and an internal shaft with a non-planar end surface opposite the central opening. In some configurations, the non-planar end surface and the disk define channels between the mixing chamber and the internal shaft. In some embodiments, the disk includes a central opening, a plurality of partial annular openings through a planar surface of the disk, and projections extending into the mixing chamber.

In some embodiments, apparatuses and methods provided herein are useful for dispensing a fluid, such as a thixotropic fluid. In some embodiments, a bottle having a closure cap includes a flip top, a base, and a disk, where the base and disk define a mixing chamber configured to facilitate mixing of any serum or liquid separated from the fluid back therein. In some configurations, the base has a central opening through which the fluid exits and an internal shaft with a non-planar end surface opposite the central opening. In some configurations, the non-planar end surface and the disk define channels between the mixing chamber and the internal shaft. In some embodiments, the disk includes a central opening, a plurality of partial annular openings through a planar surface of the disk, and projections extending into the mixing chamber.

An after treatment system (ATS) for a vehicle includes, fluidly connected in series, an inlet, a urea mixer and an outlet. The inlet is fluidly connected to an output of an engine of the vehicle and the outlet is fluidly connected to an outlet tube of the vehicle. The urea mixer is provided with a dosing module, an inner element and an outer element. The inner element is configured such that a first flow of exhaust gas flow flowing from the inlet into the urea mixer flows into an first volume defined by the inner element. The outer element is configured such that a second flow flows in a volume defined between inner element and outer element, wherein the first and second flows rejoin together in a mixing chamber fluidly connected to the volume and to the first volume downstream with respect inner and outer elements.

An inlet duct of an exhaust system for treating an exhaust fluid with a reductant. The inlet duct includes a shell body that has a first end with a first opening therein for receiving an exhaust duct, a second end, and a side. The inlet duct also includes a chamber internally disposed within the shell body and defining a fluid passageway therethrough, and a scooped member connected to and extending outwardly from the side. The scooped member has a second opening, and the scooped member is configured for causing a turbulent fluid flow of the exhaust fluid and the reductant.

A mixer for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a mixer housing (40) with an inflow opening central axis (LE) and with an outflow opening (38). A first flow duct (48) following the inflow opening (24) in the mixer housing (40) and a second flow duct (50) lead parallel to one another to a third flow duct (54) and open into same. The third flow duct (54) leads to the outflow opening (38). The first flow duct (48) and the second flow duct (50) are provided between an outer wall (16) of the mixer housing (40) and a flow divider wall (36) enclosed by the outer wall (16), and the third flow duct (54) is enclosed by the flow divider wall (36).

An apparatus for mixing an exhaust gas stream with an additive, in particular a reducing agent. The apparatus has a mixing pipe for mixing the exhaust gas stream with the additive. The apparatus has a first deflection pipe for deflecting the exhaust gas stream, in particular by about 180. The exhaust gas stream can be fed to the mixing pipe on the end side via the first deflection pipe. The first deflection pipe has a fastening region for attaching an additive injector to the first deflection pipe. The first deflection pipe has a swirl generating wall region arranged on the end side with respect to the mixing pipe and is configured to impart a swirl to the exhaust gas stream.

A duct for a fuel cell module includes an upper duct hood having an inlet configured to receive reactant gas from a supply duct, the upper duct hood defining a first tapered portion and a second tapered portion. The duct further includes a lower duct hood fluidly coupled to the upper duct hood, the lower duct hood defining at least one outlet. In a side view, the second tapered portion is tapered inwardly in a downstream direction. In a top view, the first tapered portion is tapered inwardly in a downstream direction, and the second tapered portion is tapered outwardly moving downstream.

The present application discloses an exhaust after-treatment mixing device including a housing and a mixing assembly located within the housing. The mixing assembly includes a first space, a second space and a third space. A top portion of the first space and a top portion of the second space are both in communication with the third space. The mixing assembly is provided with a first raised portion protruding upwardly into the third space and a second raised portion located below the first raised portion. A fourth space is formed between the first raised portion and the second raised portion. As a result, the distance and time for urea evaporation are increased and the uniformity of gas flow mixing is also improved.

Herein is provided processes for affecting the separation of oil from emulsions by the addition of nanogas solutions. For example, the nanogas solutions can be used to affect the viscosity and/or density of oil droplets in oil-in-water emulsions, break the oil-in-water emulsion; and form an oil phase floating on a water phase. In another example, the nanogas solutions can be used in conjunction with a floatation tank to separate oil from, for example, produced water. In other examples selection of the gasses in the nanogas solution can be used to affect reactions and/or separation.

A portable microfluidic mixer system includes a blend application to issue blend instructions, and a microfluidic mixer device. The microfluidic mixer device includes a housing, microfluidic pumps and valves within the device housing, a microfluidic dispenser, a microfluidic mixer chip, and a mix controller. The microfluidic mixer chip receives and meters microfluidic amounts of one or more fluids. The mix controller electronically communicates with the blend application to receives blend application blend instructions. The microfluidic mixer device includes fluid pathways for fluid communication between one or more fluid canisters and the microfluidic mixer chip, and between the microfluidic mixer chip and the microfluidic dispenser. The mix controller controls the microfluidic pumps and the microfluidic valves, to control a system pressure within the microfluidic mixer device, for the delivery of the one or more fluids to the microfluidic mixer chip, and to dispense a microfluidic mixture from the microfluidic dispenser.