An apparatus and process for oxidant formation can be configured to facilitate improved mixing of for formation of an oxidant. Embodiments can be configured so conduits having a relatively large aspect ratio (e.g., 1.5 to 5 or 1.5 to over 5) can be utilized for improved gas mixing even in situations in which the carrier gas is at a relatively low pressure. Embodiments can also facilitate low nitrogen oxide formation combustion. Some embodiments can additionally provide improved carbon capture.

The present invention relates to a fully automated frozen food dispensing system that combines precision ingredient blending with dynamic viscosity control and clean-in-place functionality. The system comprises a mixing cylinder containing a rotatable auger, a refrigeration system with a compressor in thermal communication with the cylinder, and a blending manifold having multiple ingredient inlets and a blending chamber. A controller includes motor sensor, and pressure sensors to regulate ingredient delivery, monitor auger torque and product temperature, and cycle the refrigeration system to maintain a target viscosity. The system further supports automated portion control, product-specific dispense timing, gas injection, and pasteurization. Cleaning cycles may be initiated without manual disassembly, involving thawing, purging, rinsing, and verification using sensor feedback. Optional connectivity enables cloud-based monitoring, diagnostics, and remote operation. The invention is suitable for commercial, unattended, or kiosk-based frozen food service environments, enabling hygienic, repeatable, and labor-free operation over extended durations.

Water softener includes a soft water tank, a neutralization tank, bypass flow path that sends, as untreated water, raw water to a downstream side of the neutralization tank without passing the raw water through the soft water tank and the neutralization tank, mixer that mixes the untreated water sent from bypass flow path and the neutralized soft water sent from the neutralization tank to generate mixed water, flow rate adjustment unit that adjusts a supply amount of at least one of the untreated water and the neutralized soft water to mixer, and controller that controls a mixing ratio between the untreated water and the neutralized soft water by flow rate adjustment unit. Controller includes mixing ratio determination unit that determines the mixing ratio between the untreated water and the neutralized soft water based on instruction information related to at least one of a regeneration time during which a regeneration process can be performed and a water softening degree of the mixed water, and flow rate controller that adjusts the supply amount to be adjusted by flow rate adjustment unit such that the mixing ratio determined by mixing ratio determination unit is obtained.

A simulation device for generating a supersaturated total dissolved gas (TDG) in a flood discharge and energy dissipation region of a dam is provided. The simulation device includes a reactor, a water inlet system, a gas inlet system, a venting system, a water drainage and gas exhaust system, a monitoring system, and a control system. An observation window is defined on the reactor, and a magnetic stirring assembly is installed inside the reactor. The cooperation of the water inlet system and the gas inlet system quantitatively controls a mass flow rate of water and gas entering and exiting the reactor, controls the change and variation of a temperature and a pressure inside the reactor, simulates the process of generating supersaturated TDG in the flood discharge and energy dissipation region by injecting water flow with varying air entrainment concentrations, and simulates changes in supersaturated TDG concentrations under varying pressure conditions.

Modular systems and apparatuses for creating fracturing slurry disclosed in embodiments herein include, in limited part, a screening and blending tank system having a kinetic screening assembly to receive and filter unscreened sand at a first predetermined rate from a sand delivery component and water at a second predetermined rate, a debris collection component compatible with the screening assembly for removing debris and non-uniform sand particles, and an inline chemical component using a discharge pump to blend screened sand and water with a variable chemical injection without necessarily resorting to use of a blender to create a fracturing slurry that is output at a third predetermined rate for use in hydraulic fracturing operations at a wellsite. One or more sensors in communication with one or more programmable logic controllers may be used to achieve the first, second, and third predetermined rates for a desired composition of the fracturing slurry.