Bulk-metal crystalline catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to olefins are described. Also described are method of making the catalyst. A bulk metal catalyst can include a first transition metal core surrounded by a silica-alkaline earth metal framework crystal lattice and includes at least one transition metal atoms bound to periphery of the framework crystal lattice. The two transition metals can be iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru) and combinations thereof.

The present invention relates to a method for producing hollow activated carbon nanofibers for activating peroxymonosulfate used in water purification; a catalyst for water purification comprising the hollow active carbon nanofibers produced by the method; and a method for purifying contaminated water using the catalyst. The production method of the present invention can easily produce hollow activated carbon nanofibers capable of rapidly purifying contaminated water by highly efficiently activating peroxymonosulfate used for water purification.

When the porous ceramic structure contains Co together with Fe or Mn, the Co content is higher than or equal to 0.1 mass % and lower than or equal to 3.0 mass % in terms of Co.sub.3O.sub.4, and when the porous ceramic structure contains Co without containing Fe and Mn, the Co content is higher than or equal to 0.2 mass % and lower than or equal to 6.0 mass % in terms of Co.sub.3O.sub.4. The Ce content is higher than or equal to 0.1 mass % and lower than or equal to 10 mass % in terms of CeO.sub.2. The Fe/Mn/Co ratio is higher than or equal to 0.8 and lower than or equal to 9.5. The porous ceramic structure contains more than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 2.5 percent by mass of Zn in terms of ZnO.

When the porous ceramic structure contains Co together with Fe or Mn, the Co content is higher than or equal to 0.1 mass % and lower than or equal to 3.0 mass % in terms of Co.sub.3O.sub.4, and when the porous ceramic structure contains Co without containing Fe and Mn, the Co content is higher than or equal to 0.2 mass % and lower than or equal to 6.0 mass % in terms of Co.sub.3O.sub.4. The Ce content is higher than or equal to 0.1 mass % and lower than or equal to 10 mass % in terms of CeO.sub.2. The Fe/Mn/Co ratio is higher than or equal to 0.8 and lower than or equal to 9.5. The content of the metal oxide particles is higher than or equal to 0.3 mass % and lower than or equal to 8.0 mass %.

The invention relates to a method for elemental analysis, in particular for determining carbon and nitrogen in a sample, an apparatus suitable for said method, and the use of a catalyst suitable for said method, the catalyst being a metal oxide catalyst comprising oxides of Ce, Cu and Mn.

A catalyst for synthesizing a carbon nanotube includes a support containing a metal, and an active metal impregnated on the support. The active metal includes cobalt and manganese. A surface molar ratio of the active metal relative to the metal of the support is 40% or less of a bulk molar ratio of the active metal relative to the metal of the support. A carbon nanotube having high purity and low resistance is obtained from the catalyst.

The present invention discloses a method and device for purifying CO from a flue gas and coupling-suppressing white fog, where the flue gas is introduced into a ceramic honeycomb carrier coated with a CO catalyst, sufficient O.sub.2 in the flue gas is utilized to generate CO.sub.2 from a low concentration of CO through catalytic oxidation, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying CO, and the flue gas is heated up by the heat released from the catalytic oxidation reaction to more than 110° C. and then discharged into the air, which meets the temperature requirement of coupling-suppressing white fog; the device includes a CO concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, a CO catalytic oxidation layer, an oxidation reaction tower, a desulfurized sintering flue gas, a packing layer I, a packing layer II, a chimney, and a solenoid valve II.

A highly active quaternary mixed transition metal oxide material has been developed. The material may be sulfided to generate metal sulfides which are used as catalyst in a conversion process such as hydroprocessing. The hydroprocessing may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

Catalysts including multi-transition metal doped copper-cobalt spinel mixed oxide catalyst materials for direct NO.sub.x decomposition with selectivity to N.sub.2 from combustion engine exhaust, while minimizing formation of the N.sub.2O product. In one example, the catalyst may include a ternary zinc-doped copper-cobalt spinel material or a quaternary manganese+zinc doped copper-cobalt spinel material. The catalysts are effective for reducing NO to N.sub.2 at suitable temperatures of 350-500° C., with and without excess O.sub.2 presence.

Catalysts including multi-transition metal doped copper-cobalt spinel mixed oxide catalyst materials for direct NO.sub.x decomposition with selectivity to N.sub.2 from combustion engine exhaust, while minimizing formation of the N.sub.2O product. In one example, the catalyst may include a ternary zinc-doped copper-cobalt spinel material or a quaternary manganese+zinc doped copper-cobalt spinel material. The catalysts are effective for reducing NO to N.sub.2 at suitable temperatures of 350-500° C., with and without excess O.sub.2 presence.