The present invention relates to catalyst compositions containing a mixed oxide catalyst of formula (I) or formula (II) as described herein, their preparation, and their use in a process for ammoxidation of various organic compounds to their corresponding nitriles and to the selective catalytic oxidation of excess NH.sub.3 present in effluent gas streams to N.sub.2 and/or NO.sub.x.

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a transition metal molybdotungstate material or metal sulfides derived therefrom. The hydroprocessing using the transition metal molybdotungstate material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

The present invention relates to catalyst compositions containing a mixed oxide catalyst of formula (I) or formula (II) as described herein, their preparation, and their use in a process for ammoxidation of various organic compounds to their corresponding nitriles and to the selective catalytic oxidation of excess NH.sub.3 present in effluent gas streams to N.sub.2 and/or NO.sub.x.

The present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane in which a catalytic reaction velocity is maximized, the production of coke is minimized, and a high conversion rate of methane and a high yield of ethylene and an aromatic compound are ensured when ethylene and the aromatic compound are manufactured from methane, and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same.

The present invention relates to a process for producing mixed oxide catalysts on the basis of molybdenum and bismuth oxides in which the precursor compounds of the components of mixed oxide catalysts provided in the form of a solution and/or suspension are subjected to a spray-drying with a specific temperature regime and the spray particles obtained in this way are then calcined to yield a catalytic active mass, and to the mixed oxide catalysts obtainable by this process and to the use of these catalysts in the partial oxidation of olefins, in particular in the partial gas phase oxidation of propene to acrolein and acrylic acid. The spray drying of the precursor compounds containing solution or suspension is performed in concurrent with a gas stream having a specific entrance temperature. Alternatively, when the main gas stream has a higher entrance temperature, an additional colder gas stream can be fed in downstream. The thus obtained mixed oxide catalysts give lower a maximum temperature in the hot spot of catalyst fixed bed when they are used in the partial gas phase oxidation of olefins.

The presently disclosed embodiments relate to the utilization of coal-derived fine mineral matter in chemical recycling of plastics or of solid mixed plastic waste. The instantly disclosed mineral based catalyst benefits the processes of catalytic cracking, gasification and steam reforming to maximize carbon utilization and production of plastics of original quality from recycled or renewable feedstocks while reducing the plastic pollution in the environment. The catalyst can be based on inorganic fine mineral matter, a natural ancient mineral mixture found in coal deposits and containing a plurality of transition metals, such as iron, copper, and manganese, as well as calcium, barium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, which can act as co-catalysts. Addition of the catalyst can convert plastic to syngas at a faction of the energy of conventional technologies.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of catalysis, and particularly relates to a metal oxide coated ceramic corrugated plate catalyst, its preparation method and application thereof in preparation of key intermediates of citral. The catalyst consists of a ceramic corrugated plate carrier and a metal oxide active layer coated on a surface of the carrier, wherein the metal oxide active layer is a metal oxide formed by active ingredient titanium and at least four other metal elements selected from vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, zirconium, niobium and molybdenum.

The presently disclosed embodiments relate to the utilization of coal-derived fine mineral matter in chemical recycling of plastics or of solid mixed plastic waste. The instantly disclosed mineral based catalyst benefits the processes of catalytic cracking, gasification and steam reforming to maximize carbon utilization and production of plastics of original quality from recycled or renewable feedstocks while reducing the plastic pollution in the environment. The catalyst can be based on inorganic fine mineral matter, a natural ancient mineral mixture found in coal deposits and containing a plurality of transition metals, such as iron, copper, and manganese, as well as calcium, barium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, which can act as co-catalysts. Addition of the catalyst can convert plastic to syngas at a faction of the energy of conventional technologies.

Described herein are coatings. The coatings can, for example, catalyze carbon gasification. In some examples, the coatings comprise: a first region having a first thickness, the first region comprising manganese oxide, a chromium-manganese oxide, or a combination thereof, and CaWO.sub.4, Ba.sub.3Y.sub.2WO.sub.9, or a combination thereof; a second region having a second thickness, the second region comprising X.sub.6W.sub.6Z, XWZ, or a combination thereof, wherein X is independently Ni or a mixture of Ni and one or more transition metals and Z is independently Si, C, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the coatings further comprise a rare earth element, a rare earth oxide, or a combination thereof.

A highly active quaternary mixed transition metal oxide material has been developed. The material may be sulfided to generate metal sulfides which are used as a catalyst in a conversion process such as hydroprocessing. The hydroprocessing may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.