Subject of the invention is a process for producing a biofuel from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils, comprising the steps of (a) ethenolysis of the fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of ethylene and an ethenolysis catalyst, and (b) isomerizing metathesis in the presence of an isomerization catalyst and a metathesis catalyst. The invention also relates to biofuels obtainable by the inventive process and to uses of ethylene for adjusting and optimizing biofuels.

The invention relates to a process for preparing optically active 2-aryl substituted 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-7-ols comprising asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of the corresponding ketones in presence of a ruthenium catalyst comprising a chiral diamine or amino alcohol ligand.

A catalyst and a method for preparing S-indoxacarb using the catalyst. The catalyst is prepared using 3-tert-butyl-5-(chloromethyl)salicylaldehyde and cyclohexanediamine as raw materials, where an original quinine catalyst such as cinchonine is replaced with the catalyst for application in the asymmetric synthesis of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 5-chloro-2-methoxycarbonyl-1-indanone ester, greatly improving selection in the asymmetric synthesis process, with the S-enantiomer content increasing from 75% to over 98%, achieving the recycling of a high-efficiency chiral catalyst, and greatly reducing production costs. The synthesis process of the catalyst is simple and is favorable for industrialization, and lays good foundations for the production of high-quality indoxacarb.

This invention relates to novel hydrogenation catalyst compositions obtainable from reacting metal-based complex hydrogenation catalysts with specific co-catalysts and to a process for selectively hydrogenating nitrile rubbers in the presence of such novel hydrogenation catalyst compositions.

The present invention describes a catalyst composition for use as a catalyst system for an ethylene olisomerization, providing high activity and produce linear oligomer product having broad weight percent distribution i.e. C.sub.4 to C.sub.16. The catalyst composition comprises a zirconium amide compound, an organoaluminum compound and an additive. The present invention also provides a process for preparation of the zirconium amide compound comprising reacting a zirconium component having formula ZrX.sub.mnTHF, wherein X is halogen atom; m is an integer having value equal or less than 4 and n is a number equal or less than 2, and a substituted amide of formula RCONR′R″, wherein R, R′ and R″ are saturated or unsaturated aliphatic C.sub.1-C.sub.10 hydrocarbon or aromatic C.sub.6-C.sub.14 hydrocarbon, in the presence of an organic solvent.

Provided herein is a coating composition curable by condensation and/or addition reactions and including (A) at least one polymer as binder, (B) at least one crosslinking agent that can be reacted by condensation and/or addition reaction with component (A), and (C) at least one specific complex as catalyst. Also provided herein is a use of the complex for catalyzing the curing of coating compositions curable by condensation and/or addition reaction.

Method of making a second olefin using a first olefin, comprising steps (A) and (B): (A) performing a metathesis reaction with the first olefin in the presence of a metal complex configured to catalyse said metathesis reaction; (B) epoxidizing an olefin contained in the reaction mixture obtained in step (A) to form an epoxide; and deoxygenizing said epoxide to form said second olefin.

The invention is directed to a process to continuously prepare a cyclic carbonate product by reacting an epoxide compound with carbon dioxide in the presence of a supported dimeric aluminium salen complex. The process is performed in a reactor comprising a slurry of the supported dimeric aluminium salen complex and liquid cyclic carbonate product. The produced cyclic carbonate is discharged from the reactor while the supported dimeric aluminium salen complex remains in the reactor. The liquid carbonate product is purified by means of distillation. Between the reactor and the distillation one or more buffer vessels are present having a volume of between 5 and 50 m.sup.3 per kmol of dimeric aluminium salen complex as present in the reactor.

A compound capable of coordinating with a metal includes a chemical structure as shown in claim 1, in which: EPD represents a group having an electron pair donor atom; B and B are each independently an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkenyl group, or alkynyl group, or B and B form a spirocyclic group; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are selected from various substituents.

This invention relates to a catalyst composition for a producing process of an unsaturated carboxylic acid salt and its derivatives from carbon dioxide and olefin, wherein the catalyst composition in the present invention has been proved to be effective in catalyzing the carboxylation of carbon dioxide and olefin, wherein said catalyst composition comprises: a) a palladium metal complex as shown in structure (I); ##STR00001## wherein, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 independently represents a group selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, alkyl halide group, alkoxy group, amine group, optionally from alkenyl group, alkynyl group, phenyl group, benzyl group, or cylic hydrocarbon group comprising hetero atom; R.sup.5 represents group selected from alkyl group or phenyl group; b) a ligand selected from organophosphorus compound; c) a base selected from sodium tert-butoxide, sodium isopropoxide, sodium 2,6-dimethylphenolate, sodium 2,6-difluorophenolate, sodium 2-methylphenolate, or sodium 2-fluorophenol); and d) a reducing agent.