Tube-bundle heat exchange unit (1) for internals of heat exchangers or reactors, comprising: at least one tube bundle (2); a plurality of baffles (3) associated with said tube bundle and defining through-openings according to a predefined arrangement, each opening being passed through by one of more tubes of the tube bundle, and a shell (6) which surrounds said tube bundle and said baffles, wherein the assembly of the tube bundle and the shell can be disassembled and the shell is structurally collaborating with the tube bundle through said baffles.

A steam reforming process to produce synthesis gas from hydrocarbons comprises: a first steam reforming step, wherein a gas stream of hydrocarbon feedstock is supplied into a first reforming section comprising at least a first gas heated reformer, where steam reforming reactions take place forming a partially reformed effluent; a second steam reforming effluent, wherein the partially reformed effluent leaving the first reforming section is supplied to a second steam reforming section comprising at least a second reformer, where in a radiant chamber outside the tubes, an air combustion takes place; the second reformer is a gas heated reformer.

The present invention relates to a catalytic heat exchange reactor for carrying out endothermic or exothermic catalytic reactions with at least one helical upward flow around the heat transfer tubes and a central mixed gas tube.

A watertube panel portion for a fluidized bed reactor and a corresponding method. The watertube panel portion includes multiple parallel metal tubes having a tube length L1, an outer surface, an original outer diameter OD1, and an original wall thickness WT1, and a circumferentially extending recess formed in a central portion of each of the tubes, between first and second end portions. The recess has a constant depth D that is less than the wall thickness WT1. The recess encircles the outer surface of the central portion of the metal tube. A circumferentially extending metal coating has a constant thickness of at most the depth D of the recess to blanket the recess of each of the multiple metal tubes. A fin is continuously welded between each pair of adjacent tubes.

Method for revamping a multi-bed ammonia converter, wherein said converter comprises a plurality of adiabatic catalytic beds including a first catalytic bed and one or more further catalytic bed(s), said catalytic beds being arranged in series so that the effluent of a bed is further reacted in the subsequent bed; at least a first inter-bed heat exchanger arranged between said first catalytic bed and a second catalytic bed to cool the effluent of said first bed before admission into said second bed, and optionally further inter-bed heat exchanger(s) arranged between consecutive beds; said method involves the conversion of said first catalytic bed into an isothermal catalytic bed.

What is proposed is a reactor for performing exothermic equilibrium reactions, in particular for performing methanol synthesis and/or ammonia synthesis, by heterogeneously catalysed reaction of the corresponding reactant gases which makes it possible to overcome the establishment of the reaction equilibrium in the reactor. To this end, according to the invention, the coolant temperature is influenced and thus optimized along the longitudinal coordinate of the reactor through subcooling of the coolant.

The disclosure pertains to a high pressure carbamate condensation apparatus for a urea plant, a urea plant, and a urea production method. The apparatus comprises a first U-shaped tube bundle arranged around a second U-shaped tube bundle.

Methods for producing olefins may include contacting a hydrocarbon feed stream with a particulate solid, the contacting of the hydrocarbon feed stream with the particulate solid reacting the hydrocarbon feed stream to form a product stream. The method may include separating the particulate solid from the product stream and passing at least a portion of the product stream and the hydrocarbon feed stream through a feed stream preheater. The feed stream preheater may include a shell and tube heat exchanger comprising a shell, a plurality of tubes extending axially through the shell, a shell side inlet, a shell side outlet, a tube side inlet, a tube side outlet, an inlet tube sheet, and an outlet tube sheet. The outlet tube sheet may be connected to the shell by an expansion joint.

Systems for dehydrogenating an alkane are provided. An exemplary system includes a furnace and further includes alkane heating chambers, regeneration mixture heating chambers, and two groups of reaction chambers, all located within the furnace. The alkane heating chambers and regeneration mixture heating chambers can preheat an alkane feed and a regeneration mixture feed, respectively. The two groups of reaction chambers can be switchably coupled to an alkane feed and a regeneration mixture feed such that an alkane can flow through one group of reaction chambers while a regeneration mixture flows through the other group of reaction chambers. Processes for dehydrogenating an alkane are also provided.

A fuel cell module includes a fuel cell stack and FC peripheral equipment. The FC peripheral equipment includes an evaporator. At least one of evaporation pipes of the evaporator connects a water vapor discharge chamber and an inlet of a reformer to form an evaporation return pipe as a passage of water vapor. A raw fuel pipe is inserted into the evaporation return pipe for allowing a raw fuel to flow from the downstream side to the upstream side of the evaporation return pipe.