The disclosure generally relates to compositions and methods for the production of nucleic acid molecules. In some aspects, the invention allows for the microscale generation of nucleic acid molecules, optionally followed by assembly of these nucleic acid molecules into larger molecules. In some aspects, the invention allows for efficient production of nucleic acid molecules (e.g., large nucleic acid molecules such as genomes).

Provided herein is generally tubular container, preferably including a plurality of reservoirs defined therein. The container can be adapted for acoustic ejection of a fluid disposed within at least one of the reservoirs of the plurality of reservoirs. Alternatively, the container can be adapted for extraction of a fluid disposed within at least one of the reservoirs of the plurality of reservoirs using a non-acoustic liquid handling method.

Provided herein is generally tubular container, preferably including a plurality of reservoirs defined therein. The container can be adapted for acoustic ejection of a fluid disposed within at least one of the reservoirs of the plurality of reservoirs. Alternatively, the container can be adapted for extraction of a fluid disposed within at least one of the reservoirs of the plurality of reservoirs using a non-acoustic liquid handling method.

Provided herein are compositions, devices, systems and methods for generation and use of biomolecule-based information for storage. Further provided are devices-having addressable electrodes controlling polynucleotide synthesis (deprotection, extension, or cleavage, etc.) The compositions, devices, systems and methods described herein provide improved storage, density, and retrieval of biomolecule-based information.

A high-throughput automated gene synthesis device based on a cluster array includes a substrate and a microwell plate; the substrate is provided with a plurality of clusters of micropores; the inner wall surface of the micropores is chemically modified as a solid phase carrier for nucleic acid synthesis, or the micropore is filled with solid phase carriers; the clusters of micropores are arranged in a cluster array and each cluster of micropores has the same size and corresponding position as each well on the microwell plate. When using the device to synthesize oligonucleotides, by automatically recovering the synthesized oligonucleotides into a standard SBS plate of the corresponding size under the device, the oligonucleotide pool for each gene is formed. The yield of oligonucleotides is in picomole level, which is used for subsequent polymerase-mediated gene assembly (PCA) or ligase-mediated gene assembly (LCR) without amplification.

An array of membranes comprising amphipathic molecules is formed using an apparatus comprising a support defining an array of compartments. Volumes comprising polar medium are provided within respective compartments and a layer comprising apolar medium is provided extending across the openings with the volumes. Polar medium is flowed across the support to displace apolar medium and form a layer in contact with the volumes, forming membranes comprising amphipathic molecules at the interfaces. In one construction of the apparatus, the support that comprises partitions which comprise inner portions and outer portions. The inner portions define inner recesses without gaps therebetween that are capable of constraining the volumes comprising polar medium contained in neighbouring inner recesses from contacting each other. The outer portions extend outwardly from the inner portions and have gaps allowing the flow of an apolar medium across the substrate.

Provided herein are compositions, devices, systems and methods for generation and use of biomolecule-based information for storage. Further provided are devices-having addressable electrodes controlling polynucleotide synthesis (deprotection, extension, or cleavage, etc.) The compositions, devices, systems and methods described herein provide improved storage, density, and retrieval of biomolecule-based information.

Apparatuses and methods are described herein for processing polynucleotides in a sealed path environment. The apparatuses include optical sensors to monitor operations and to track material usage for good manufacturing practice.

Methods and apparatuses for making and using therapeutics, including in particular mRNA therapeutics, that separate double-stranded RNA from single-stranded RNA as part of a continuous flow. These methods and apparatuses may include formulation of an RNA therapeutic using a permeable insert integrated into a microfluidic path device. In particular, these methods and apparatuses may include formulation of an RNA therapeutic by removing dsRNA from a solution of RNA by within a microfluidic path device including a cellulose material.

Apparatuses and a method for plate-based oligonucleotide synthesis are disclosed. In one example, an apparatus used in oligonucleotide synthesis includes a machined block to receive a commercially-available synthesis plate. A keeper is used to apply pressure to the commercially-available synthesis plate, and a sealing element is used to seal the commercially-available synthesis plate to the machined block. Other methods and apparatuses are disclosed.