Aquaculture systems and methods are provided, as well as immunogenic compositions and methods of immunologically protecting bivalves against specified pathogens. Methods include inactivating specified pathogens using UV (ultraviolet) radiation, exposing invertebrates grown or to be grown in aquaculture to the specified UV-inactivated pathogens to enhance an immune reaction of the exposed invertebrates toward the specified pathogens, and growing the exposed invertebrates in aquaculture. For example, the methods were demonstrated to increase the immune response of oysters to ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) following their prior exposure to UV-inactivated OsHV-1.

Methods of expressing a neuropeptide in a neuron of a subject are described. ethods of altering a behavior in a subject in need thereof are described. Kits are described. Vectors are described.

A marker for predicting pressure ulcer development, selected from the group consisting of interleukin (IL)-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and heat-shock protein (HSP) 90.

Methods and compositions are provided for generating F0 fertile XY female animals. The methods and compositions involve making XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cells, in vitro cell cultures, or embryos that are capable of producing a fertile female XY animal in an F0 generation. Such cells, embryos, and animals can be made by silencing a region of the Y chromosome. Optionally, the cells can also be cultured in feminizing medium such as a low-osmolality medium and/or can be modified to decrease the level and/or activity of an Sry protein. Methods and compositions are also provided for silencing a region of the Y chromosome in an XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cell, or in vitro cell cultures, embryos, or animals derived therefrom, by maintaining an XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cell in a feminizing medium. Methods and compositions are also provided for maintaining a population of XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cells in a feminizing medium and selecting cells or clones having increased capabilities for producing a fertile female XY animal in an F0 generation. Methods and compositions are also provided for screening for compounds with feminizing activity or for optimizing concentrations of components in feminizing media.

One variation of a method for producing a target compound includes: during an initial period, genetically modifying a population of insects to produce a target compound; during a growth period succeeding the initial period, cultivating the population of insects; during a treatment period succeeding the growth period, applying a dosage of a stressor to the population of insects, the stressor configured to trigger production of the target compound; in response to a proportion of the target compound within the population of insects exceeding a threshold proportion, harvesting the population of insects; homogenizing the population of insects to form a blend comprising the proportion of the target compound and a second proportion of a set of secondary components; and separating the proportion of the target compound from the second proportion of the set of secondary components for extraction of the proportion of the target compound from the blend.

Method for producing YY super-male and XY physiological female common carps, with which YY-chromosome super-male common carp can be cultivated and androgenetic YY super-male common carp is produced, where microsatellite markers are used for paternity testing and test crossing confirmation. The YY common carp is crossed with normal female common carp to produce the progenies of only male common carp, and without sex identification, the juvenile male common carp with known sex are subjected to artificial sex reversal to produce XY physiological female common carp.

It is intended to provide a novel peptide. The present invention provides a peptide which comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 30 and inhibits protease activity.

The invention provides a light generating system for arthropod keeping, configured to generate system light, wherein in a first operational mode the light generating system is configured to provide the system light having a spectral power distribution, wherein the spectral power distribution comprises: a first spectral power E.sub.1 in a first wavelength range of 360-780 nm; a second spectral power E.sub.2 in a second wavelength range of 360-400 nm; a third spectral power E.sub.S in a third wavelength range of 400-480 nm; a fourth spectral power E.sub.M in a fourth wavelength range of 480-580 nm; a fifth spectral power E.sub.L in a fifth wavelength range of 580-700 nm; a sixth spectral power E.sub.6 in a sixth wavelength range of 620-700 nm; a seventh spectral power E.sub.7 in a seventh wavelength range of 700-780 nm; and wherein: 1.75E.sub.M/E.sub.S20; E.sub.2/E.sub.10.005; E.sub.7/E.sub.10.022; and E.sub.L/E.sub.10.3; or 0.3<E.sub.L/E.sub.10.8, and 3.4E.sub.6/E.sub.S14, and wherein the sixth wavelength range comprises a peak between 650-690 nm.

Provided are long-acting nerve growth factor (NGF) polypeptides comprising from N-terminus to C-terminus an NGF moiety and an Fe moiety, methods of making, and uses thereof.

Methods and compositions are provided for generating F0 fertile XY female animals. The methods and compositions involve making XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cells, in vitro cell cultures, or embryos that are capable of producing a fertile female XY animal in an F0 generation. Such cells, embryos, and animals can be made by silencing a region of the Y chromosome. Optionally, the cells can also be cultured in feminizing medium such as a low-osmolality medium and/or can be modified to decrease the level and/or activity of an Sry protein. Methods and compositions are also provided for silencing a region of the Y chromosome in an XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cell, or in vitro cell cultures, embryos, or animals derived therefrom, by maintaining an XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cell in a feminizing medium. Methods and compositions are also provided for maintaining a population of XY pluripotent or totipotent animal cells in a feminizing medium and selecting cells or clones having increased capabilities for producing a fertile female XY animal in an F0 generation. Methods and compositions are also provided for screening for compounds with feminizing activity or for optimizing concentrations of components in feminizing media.