The invention relates to a nozzle device (100) for producing a three-dimensional component made of a material, in particular a shotcrete component made of concrete, a material application system (1), a manufacturing system (200) and a method for producing a three-dimensional component made of a material, in particular a shotcrete component made of concrete. In particular, the invention relates to a nozzle device (100) for producing a three-dimensional component made of a material, in particular a shotcrete component made of concrete, comprising a nozzle unit (101) with a material guide (102), which has a material inlet (104) for introducing a material, in particular a concrete, and a nozzle element (106) fluidically coupled to the material inlet (104) for applying the material, in particular the concrete, which is preferably arranged replaceably on the nozzle unit (101).

A method and apparatus produce an enhanced blast stream which may be directed at a workpiece. The enhanced blast stream has higher energy allowing the blast stream to remove difficult to remove coatings from substrates. A heated flow is combined with an entrained particle flow and expelled through a nozzle. The heated flow results in more energy being imparted to the coating.

A valve arrangement for applying flowable medium to a substrate, in particular hotmelt adhesive, which valve arrangement has a distribution element and a heating device, the heating device being arranged outside the distribution element and being fastened, preferably detachably, as a unit to the distribution element.

Described herein, are methods for providing a protective coating to a storage container for storing nuclear material, the method comprising depositing nickel particles on at least one surface of the substrate to produce the protective coating, wherein the nickel particles are deposited by cold spraying a composition comprising nickel particles and a carrier gas comprising nitrogen. In one aspect, the carrier gas consists essentially or consists only of nitrogen. The methods do not require pretreatment or modification of the nickel particles prior to cold spraying, which makes the methods described herein economically practical. The coatings produced by the methods described herein possess several advantageous properties including, but not limited to, high adhesion strength to the storage system and low porosity. The coatings produced by the methods described herein are effective against chemical attack such as, for example, CISCC.

Cold-spray nozzles, systems, and techniques are described herein related to manufacturing implementations of efficient film deposition. A deposition system includes multiple feed systems to deliver solid powder materials at controlled feed rates and temperatures, and a nozzle, including convergent and divergent sections and connections to the feed systems, to receive a carrier fluid in the convergent section and to spray the carrier fluid and the solid powder materials out of the divergent section. A nozzle includes multiple ports to receive solid powder materials for admission into a carrier fluid, with one or more ports in the convergent section and one or more ports in the divergent section. A method may include delivering a carrier fluid to a nozzle, heating multiple solid powder materials, delivering these solid powder materials to the nozzle, and spraying the solid powder materials out of a divergent section of the nozzle.

A powder spray applicator system may include an applicator device configured to eject particles of powder in a stream of a heated gas. The applicator device defining a particle path along which particles of the powder stream move upon introduction into a flow chamber and a gas path along which a primary gas stream moves upon introduction into the flow chamber. The applicator device may include a body assembly defining an outer annular gap forming a first section of the gas path and an inner annular gap forming a second section of the gas path, and a spray nozzle defining a flow passage extending between an entry opening of the spray nozzle and an exit opening of the spray nozzle. The flow passage may have an initial section with a converging shape and a final section with a straight shape.

A spray ionization device is provided with: a first tube body having a first flow channel through which a first fluid can flow, and having, at one end thereof, a first outlet for spraying the first liquid; a second tube body having a second flow channel through which a second fluid can flow, and having, at one end thereof, a second outlet for spraying the second liquid; an outer tube that has a gas flow channel through which a gas can flow, the outer tube having, at one end thereof, a spray port that is covered with a porous member; and an electrode that is provided between the first flow channel, the second channel, and the first outlet or the second outlet and the porous member, the electrode allowing for a voltage to be applied to the first liquid and/or the second liquid by a power source.

Described herein, are methods for providing a protective coating to a storage container for storing nuclear material, the method comprising depositing nickel particles on at least one surface of the substrate to produce the protective coating, wherein the nickel particles are deposited by cold spraying a composition comprising nickel particles and a carrier gas comprising nitrogen. In one aspect, the carrier gas consists essentially or consists only of nitrogen. The methods do not require pretreatment or modification of the nickel particles prior to cold spraying, which makes the methods described herein economically practical. The coatings produced by the methods described herein possess several advantageous properties including, but not limited to, high adhesion strength to the storage system and low porosity. The coatings produced by the methods described herein are effective against chemical attack such as, for example, CISCC.

A method and apparatus produce an enhanced blast stream which may be directed at a workpiece. The enhanced blast stream has higher energy allowing the blast stream to remove difficult to remove coatings from substrates. A heated flow is combined with an entrained particle flow and expelled through a nozzle. The heated flow results in more energy being imparted to the coating.

The nozzle for cold spray (25) used in a cold spray apparatus (2) is configured to include a tubular nozzle main body (252) and a cooling jacket (253) that surrounds the nozzle main body (252) to form a flow path (25e) for refrigerant (R) between the nozzle main body (252) and the cooling jacket (253). The cooling jacket (253) is provided with a seal retaining portion (253c) that retains an O-ring (253b) for the flow path (25e). The seal retaining portion (253c) and the nozzle main body (252) are joined in a socket-and-spigot joint fashion.