Articles having poly(vinyl alcohol)-containing (PVA-containing) and silica nanoparticle multilayer coatings are provided. More specifically, articles include a substrate and a multilayer coating attached to the substrate. The multilayer coating includes a first silica layer and a first PVA-containing layer. The first silica layer is a primer layer of the multilayer coating, and the silica layer comprises a plurality of acid-sintered interconnected silica nanoparticles arranged to form a continuous three-dimensional porous network. The PVA-containing and silica nanoparticle multilayer coatings can be used on a large variety of substrates and tend to be resistant to wet and dry abrasions, scratches, and impacts.

The invention relates to a continuous self-metered process of forming a multilayer film comprising at least two superimposed polymer layers comprising the steps of: (i) providing a substrate (5); (ii) providing two or more coating knives (2, 3, 4) which are offset, independently from each other, from said substrate (5) and/or from an adjacent coating knife to form at least one substrate gap (9) relative to the surface of the substrate (5) and at least one outlet gap (10) relative to the surface of an adjacent coating knife; (iii) moving the substrate (5) relative to the coating knives (2, 3, 4) in a downstream direction (6), (iv) providing curable liquid precursors of the polymers (I, II, III) to the upstream side of the coating knives (2, 3, 4) thereby coating the two or more precursors (I, II, III) through the respective gaps (9, 10) as superimposed layers (12, 13, 14) onto the substrate (5); (v) optionally providing one or more solid films (1 1) and applying these essentially simultaneously with the formation of the adjacent lower polymer layer, and (vi) curing the precursor of the multilayer film thus obtained; wherein a lower layer of a curable liquid precursor (I, II, III) is covered by an adjacent upper layer of a curable liquid precursor (I, II, III) or a film (1 1), respectively, essentially without exposing said lower layer of a curable liquid precursor (I, II, III).

A film including a layer A, and a layer B on at least one surface of the layer A, in which a dielectric loss tangent is 0.01 or less, and a surface free energy on a surface of the layer B on a side opposite to a layer A side is 30 mJ/m.sup.2 or less, a film including a layer A, and a layer B on at least one surface of the layer A, in which a dielectric loss tangent is 0.01 or less, and an ion intensity derived from a fluorine atom or a silicone structure, which is measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, on a surface of the layer B on a side opposite to a layer A side, is larger than an ion intensity derived from a fluorine atom or a silicone structure, which is measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, inside the layer B, and a laminate using the film.