The present invention provides a method for selecting a cancer patient for whom a combination therapy with a retinoid and a cancer treatment agent is effective, which comprises a step of selecting a cancer patient having a malignant tumor with the infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the stroma. In addition, the present invention provides a medicament which comprises a cancer patient having a malignant tumor with the infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the stroma is a subject and is administered in combination of a retinoid and a cancer therapeutic agent.

Disclosures herein are directed to methods and compositions for predicting high- and low-risk liver disease in patients. Based on the results achieved from the methods and compositions disclosed herein, liver disease patients can be classified into a prognostic risk group, which enables early diagnosis and prevention of HCC and other lethal complications. Methods and compositions disclosed herein substantially improve the poor prognosis of subjects having or at risk for one or more liver diseases.

The present invention provides for recombinant monoclonal antibodies that bind to human colorectal and pancreatic carcinoma-associated antigens, along with nucleic acid sequences encoding the antibody chains, and the amino acid sequences corresponding to the nucleic acids, and uses for these antibodies, nucleic acids and amino acids.

The present invention provides an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof that is useful for testing for cancer, particularly early-stage cancer. The antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a heavy-chain CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, a heavy-chain CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, a heavy-chain CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, a light-chain CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, a light-chain CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SAS, and a light-chain CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.

The present disclosure relates to an array-based assay for transposase-accessible chromatin and prognostic molecular markers of treatment-resistant/early recurrent cancer. The present disclosure also relates to predicting an outcome, such as duration of disease-free survival, in a cancer patient.

The embodiments of the present invention relate to devices, methods and kits for assaying a disease in a subject, by selectively capturing extracellular vesicles (EVs) by click chemistry with functionalized antibodies, selectively labeling the EVs with a plurality of DNA barcodes conjugated antibodies, optionally releasing the plurality of DNA barcodes, and assaying the plurality of DNA barcodes to determine whether the disease is present or predict the stage of the disease in the subject.

The present invention is directed to a method for identifying neural invasion in a pancreatic cancer patient, the method comprising the steps of: determining in a sample of a pancreatic cancer patient the expression level of PlGF and sFlt1; and calculating a ratio of the expression levels of PlGF and sFlt1, wherein the expression level of PlGF forms part either of the numerator or of the denominator of the ratio; characterized in that, a deviation of the ratio of the patient sample from a reference sample or a predetermined threshold value is indicative for presence of neural invasion of the pancreatic cancer in said patient. Preferably said deviation, when the ratio is expressed using the expression level of PlGF in the numerator, is an increase in the ratio of the patient sample compared to a reference sample or a predetermined threshold value and/or said deviation, when the ratio is expressed using the expression level of PlGF in the denominator, is a decrease in the ratio of the patient sample compared to a reference sample or a predetermined threshold value.

The present invention is directed to a method for identifying neural invasion in a pancreatic cancer patient, the method comprising the steps of: determining in a sample of a pancreatic cancer patient the expression level of PlGF and sFlt1; and calculating a ratio of the expression levels of PlGF and sFlt1, wherein the expression level of PlGF forms part either of the numerator or of the denominator of the ratio; characterized in that, a deviation of the ratio of the patient sample from a reference sample or a predetermined threshold value is indicative for presence of neural invasion of the pancreatic cancer in said patient. Preferably said deviation, when the ratio is expressed using the expression level of PlGF in the numerator, is an increase in the ratio of the patient sample compared to a reference sample or a predetermined threshold value and/or said deviation, when the ratio is expressed using the expression level of PlGF in the denominator, is a decrease in the ratio of the patient sample compared to a reference sample or a predetermined threshold value.

Described herein are novel anti-PD1 antibody reagents (e.g., antibodies, antigen-binding fragments thereof, and/or chimeric antigen receptors). Also described herein antibody-drug conjugates or kits comprising the disclosed antibody reagents, as well as methods of treating cancer by administering the disclosed antibody reagents.

Various methods and compositions of treating 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-like (HPDL)-related diseases or disorders are presented herein. Also presented herein are methods of increasing CoQ10 biosynthesis, and methods of determining whether a subject will benefit from a CoQ10 or CoQ10 alternative treatment. Also presented herein are pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms comprising 4-hydroxymandelic acid (4-HMA), and/or its metabolites. Further presented herein are compounds that inhibit 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-like (HPDL). Further presented herein are methods of identifying and/or assessing modulators of HPDL. Yet further presented herein are example methods and systems for isotopic labelling in cells by metabolizing cells in the presence of gaseous isotopic tracer.