A power supply unit for an aerosol generation device includes: a power supply configured to supply power to a heater configured to heat an aerosol source; a receptacle configured to receive power for charging the power supply from a plug connected to an external power supply; a charger configured to control charging of the power supply by power received by the receptacle; and a controller. The receptacle and the power supply are connected in parallel with the charger, and the charger is configured to supply power from the receptacle and the power supply to the controller via the charger.

The disclosure relates to a rechargeable battery pack for a hand-held power tool, having an interface for establishing an electrical connection of the rechargeable battery pack to a hand-held power tool and/or a charging device. The interface has contact elements for electrically contacting corresponding mating contact elements on the hand-held power tool and/or on the charging device. One contact element is a signal contact element which is electrically connected to an encoder element of the rechargeable battery pack. A rechargeable battery pack electronics is configured to provide information relating to the rechargeable battery pack via the signal contact element, said information relating to the rechargeable battery pack being stored, at least in part, in the at least one encoder element, wherein in the rechargeable battery pack electronics, the encoder element is connected, in an electric parallel circuit, in parallel with a dynamic current path.

The present disclosure relates to a battery cell replacement detection apparatus and method, and is directed to providing a mechanism that can prevent the mount of non-genuine batteries in a battery pack by detecting whether the battery cell in the battery pack has been replaced. To achieve this, the present disclosure provides a configuration for detecting whether the battery cell mounted in the battery pack has been replaced by analyzing changes in a unique characteristic parameter, that depends on at least one chemical characteristic of the battery cell, during a process in which the battery cell mounted in the battery pack is charged and discharged.

A method of estimating a charging time of a battery, includes: estimating an SOC of the battery by measuring at least one parameter of the battery; estimating an internal resistance of the battery based on the at least one parameter of the battery, the SOC of the battery, and SOC-OCV data; estimating a time length of a constant current (CC) charging section based on the SOC, the internal resistance, and the at least one parameter of the battery; and estimating a time length of a constant voltage (CV) charging section based on the SOC, the internal resistance, and the at least one parameter of the battery. The estimating of the time length of the CV charging section includes: estimating a charging current of the battery in a unit of an SOC step; and calculating the time length of the CV charging section in the unit of the SOC step.

The present disclosure relates to systems, methods, and devices for controlling charging of vehicles, to avoid charging during charge-adverse time periods or during charge restriction events. This can advantageously reduce cost to vehicles owners, and or provide access to reward incentives. Further, power distribution entities (utility providers) advantageously have increased control over power distribution to avoid over-burdening of power distribution infrastructure. Further, systems and methods for determining or inferring whether a vehicle is connected to a charge station are described, which can be used to inform automatic restriction of vehicle charging.

A system for a vehicle, the system comprising: a low voltage input connectable to a low voltage system onboard the vehicle, wherein said low voltage is 24 V or 12 V; a capacitor of a batteryless 48 V system, the batteryless 48 V system comprising a 48 V electric machine arranged to generate power to an electrical exhaust heater onboard the vehicle; and an electrical circuit arranged between the low voltage input and the capacitor to pre-charge the batteryless 48 V system from the low voltage system.

A power supply unit for an aerosol generation device includes: a power supply configured to supply power to a heater configured to heat an aerosol source; a receptacle configured to receive power for charging the power supply from a plug connected to an external power supply; a charger configured to control charging of the power supply by power received by the receptacle; and a controller. The receptacle and the power supply are connected in parallel with the charger, and the charger is configured to supply power from the receptacle and the power supply to the controller via the charger.

Cable failure protection and battery kickstart in an electronic device is provided. When the electronic device is attached to an external power supply via a universal serial bus type-C (USB-C) cable, it is important to protect the electronic device from being damaged by a cable failure (e.g., overcurrent, overtemperature, and/or faulty cable). Additionally, when a battery in the electronic device is fully depleted, it is necessary to kickstart recharging of the depleted battery upon attaching to the USB-C cable. Herein, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) is provided in the electronic device and configured in accordance with the USB-C standard to protect the electronic device from the cable failure and kickstart recharging of the depleted battery. By integrating cable failure protection and battery kickstart functionalities into the PMIC, it is possible to reduce cost and footprint of the PMIC, thus making the PMIC suitable for small formfactor electronic devices.