There is provided a technique including: at least one pipe heater configured to heat at least one gas pipe configured to supply a gas to a process chamber in which a substrate is processed; at least one temperature detector configured to detect a temperature of the at least one gas pipe; at least one temperature controller configured to be capable of, based on the temperature detected by the at least one temperature detector, outputting a manipulated variable indicating electric power to be supplied to the at least one pipe heater, and controlling the temperature of the at least one gas pipe to approach at least one desired setpoint; and a host controller configured to be capable of controlling start and stop of heating of the at least one gas pipe performed under the control of the at least one temperature controller.

Novel cyclic silicon precursors and oxidants are described. Methods for depositing silicon-containing films on a substrate are described. The substrate is exposed to a silicon precursor and a reactant to form the silicon-containing film (e.g., elemental silicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride). The exposures can be sequential or simultaneous.

A method for processing a substrate is provided. The method includes disposing a substrate in a processing region of a process chamber and flowing a silicon containing precursor gas into the processing region. The method also includes exposing the precursor gas to only plasma radicals and non-charged species generated from an inert gas plasma to deposit a low-k film on the substrate, wherein the low-k film comprises preserved bonds of one or more silicon containing functional groups from the one or more silicon containing precursors of the precursor gas.

There is provided a process of forming a film containing a metal element, an additional element different from the metal element and at least one of nitrogen and carbon on a substrate by performing a cycle a predetermined number of times, the cycle including non-simultaneously performing: (a) supplying a first precursor gas containing the metal element and a second precursor gas containing the additional element to the substrate so that supply periods of the first precursor gas and the second precursor gas at least partially overlap with each other; and (b) supplying a reaction gas containing the at least one of nitrogen and carbon to the substrate.

A method includes removing a first dummy gate structure to form a recess around a first nanostructure and a second nanostructure; depositing a sacrificial layer in the recess with a flowable chemical vapor deposition (CVD); and patterning the sacrificial layer to leave a portion of the sacrificial layer between the first nanostructure and the second nanostructure. The method further include depositing a first work function metal in first recess; removing the first work function metal and the portion of the sacrificial layer from the recess; depositing a second work function metal in the recess, wherein the second work function metal is of an opposite type than the first work function metal; and depositing a fill metal over the second work function metal in the recess.

A topology-selective deposition method is disclosed. An exemplary method includes providing an inhibition agent comprising a first nitrogen-containing gas, providing a deposition promotion agent comprising a second nitrogen-containing gas to form an activated surface on one or more of a top surface, a bottom surface, and a sidewall surface relative to one or more of the other of the top surface, the bottom surface, and the sidewall surface, and providing a precursor to react with the activated surface to thereby selectively form material comprising a nitride on the activated surface.

A composition for forming a silicon-containing film, the composition containing a silicon precursor compound represented by chemical formula 1, can be used to efficiently form a silicon-containing film, including a silicon-containing oxide film or a silicon-containing composite metal oxide film, at a high temperature of at least 600 C., wherein the silicon-containing film can be controlled to have a desired thickness and composition, and can be formed to have excellent coverage and uniformity even on a substrate having a complex shape.

A method includes removing a first dummy gate structure to form a recess around a first nanostructure and a second nanostructure; depositing a sacrificial layer in the recess with a flowable chemical vapor deposition (CVD); and patterning the sacrificial layer to leave a portion of the sacrificial layer between the first nanostructure and the second nanostructure. The method further include depositing a first work function metal in first recess; removing the first work function metal and the portion of the sacrificial layer from the recess; depositing a second work function metal in the recess, wherein the second work function metal is of an opposite type than the first work function metal; and depositing a fill metal over the second work function metal in the recess.