Apparatus and methods for treating acid gas, which utilizes multi-stage absorption cycle of ammonia desulfurization to treat acid tail gas after pre-treatment of the acid gas, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and low-cost treatment of acid tail gas. The parameters of the acid tail gas may be adjusted by a regulatory system such that the enthalpy value of the acid tail gas is in the range of 60-850 kJ/kg dry gas, for example, 80 680 kJ/kg dry gas or 100-450 kJ/kg dry gas, to meet the requirements of ammonia desulfurization, and achieve the synergy between the acid gas pre-treatment and ammonia desulfurization. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide may be converted into sulfur/sulfuric acid plus ammonium sulfate at an adjustable ratio.

A method (200) for desulfurization of a flue gas in a desulfurization unit of an industrial plant, includes receiving (202) a plurality of baseline parameters corresponding to the desulfurization unit of the industrial plant. The method further includes measuring (204), using a stack sensor, an emission value of sulfur oxides in the flue gas. The method also includes estimating (208), using a controller, a desirable value of a slurry parameter for desulfurization of the flue gas based on the measured emission value of the sulfur oxides. The method further includes determining (208), using the controller, at least one desulfurization parameter based on the desirable value of the slurry parameter. The method also includes controlling (210), using the controller, operation of the desulfurization unit based on the at least one desulfurization parameter to modify consumption of at least one of a slurry and an auxiliary power in the industrial plant.

A ship desulfurization device for desulfurizing exhaust gas discharged from an exhaust gas generation device mounted to a ship includes: an absorber including an absorber body unit defining an interior space having a longitudinal direction and having an exhaust gas introducing port formed on an end portion of the absorber body unit with respect to the longitudinal direction, the exhaust gas introducing port being in communication with the interior space; and an exhaust gas introducing device for introducing exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas generation device to the absorber body unit. When L is a maximum length of the interior space of the absorber body unit with respect to the longitudinal direction, and W is a maximum width of the interior space of the absorber body unit with respect to a lateral direction that is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, a ratio (W:L) of the maximum width W to the maximum length L is within a range of 1:over 1.1 and 1:6.0 or under 6.0.

A system and method of using the system for controlling oxidation of sulfites to reduce total nitrite and nitrate levels in a slurry is disclosed. The system includes a tank having an inlet for receiving a slurry produced in a wet flue gas desulfurization process. The tank also includes an inlet for receiving a gas. The inlet for receiving the gas is operable to disperse at least a portion of the gas received in the tank through at least a portion of the slurry received in the tank. A sensor is configured to measure a sulfite concentration of the slurry received in the tank to obtain a sulfite concentration measurement. In some embodiments, the sensor is a sulfite analyzer. In other embodiments, the sensor is a virtual analyzer. The system also includes a controller. Software executing on the controller generates an electronic signal affecting an adjustment of a flow rate of gas into the slurry in the tank based at least in part on the sulfite concentration/sulfite concentration measurement.

A method for installing a spray pipe, including an insertion step of inserting a spray pipe from an opening portion, a positioning step of positioning the spray pipe such that an installation surface of a leg portion faces a supporting surface of a supporting portion, a provisional tightening step of provisionally tightening a first fastening portion to couple an attachment flange with the opening portion, an adjusting step of adjusting the height of the installation surface relative to the supporting surface such that an axis along which a pipe portion extends coincides with the horizontal plane, in the provisionally tightened state resulting from the provisional tightening step, a coupling step of coupling the leg portion to the supporting portion by means of a second fastening portion, after the adjusting step, and a final tightening step of performing a final tightening of the first fastening portion after the coupling step.

Apparatus and methods for treating acid gas, which utilizes multi-stage absorption cycle of ammonia desulfurization to treat acid tail gas after pre-treatment of the acid gas, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and low-cost treatment of acid tail gas. The parameters of the acid tail gas may be adjusted by a regulatory system such that the enthalpy value of the acid tail gas is in the range of 60-850 kJ/kg dry gas, for example, 80-680 kJ/kg dry gas or 100-450 kJ/kg dry gas, to meet the requirements of ammonia desulfurization, and achieve the synergy between the acid gas pre-treatment and ammonia desulfurization. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide may be converted into sulfur/sulfuric acid plus ammonium sulfate at an adjustable ratio.

A method and system for reduction of particulate and gaseous contaminants from exhaust gas including multiple gas handling systems, a mixing tank, and a mixing system that mixes unprocessed exhaust gas and system fluid, while agitating the system fluid.

A lime hydrator integrated into a flue gas desulfurization system or other industrial system is provided that provides an in-situ variable rate of cured hydrated lime production for a variable supply rate of the in-situ produced cured hydrated lime for use within a flue gas stream as a moistened hydrated lime for a reduction of acid gas present in a flue gas stream. Also provided is a method of using a lime hydrator integrated into a flue gas desulfurization system or other industrial system to provide in-situ a variable production rate of cured hydrated lime for a variable supply rate of the in-situ produced cured hydrated lime for use within a flue gas stream as a moistened hydrated lime for a reduction of acid gas present in a flue gas stream.

A treated water drying device 20 for vaporizing treated water by heat of a combustion gas, the device 20 including a housing 21, a combustion gas supply port 26 for supplying the combustion gas to the housing 21, a water supply portion 27 for vaporizing the treated water by bringing the treated water into contact with the combustion gas supplied to the housing 21, and an exhaust port 28 for discharging a water-containing gas including the vaporized treated water to an outside of the housing 21. The exhaust port 28 is disposed at a lowermost part of the housing 21 and opens in a direction crossing a vertical direction. The housing 21 has a bottom 22 including an inclined portion 23 formed toward the exhaust port 28.

Conversion methods and equipment for converting a calcium-based flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system to an ammonia-based FGD systems, including modifying a reagent system and absorber system of the calcium-based FGD system to be capable of, respectively, delivering an ammonia-based reagent to the absorber system rather than the calcium-based reagent, and modifying the absorber system to increase capacity of a reaction tank thereof.