Gaseous nanobubbles are created and infused into the blood stream to therapeutic effect such as oxygenation. The nanobubbles may be created inside or outside of the patient, either during infusion or prior to infusion. CO2 is extracted from the blood to improve oxygen.

The efficiency of water disinfection can be significantly increased by supplying the ozone in combination with oxygen to an inlet of a cavitation pump or a line atomizer. A compressor can be introduced at an inlet of the cavitation pump or the line atomizer, compressing the gas mixture at a pressure higher than the pressure within pump or the atomizer. The compressed gases are provided to the inlet of the atomizer or the pump, where the compressed gases mix with the water and enter the cavitation pump or the line atomizer (where most of the dissolution of the gases happens). The compressor allows to increase the amount of oxygen and ozone provided to the pump or the line atomizer, increasing their dissolved concentration. In addition to the disinfecting properties, the higher level of oxygen correlates to an improved taste of the water.

An installation for rearing animals comprises an injector; a water inlet line and a gas inlet line arriving in the injector; a source of oxygen or a gas mixture comprising oxygen, capable of delivering oxygen into the gas line; and a water recirculation loop including: a water tank, at atmospheric pressure, to supply the injector with fresh water; a coil capable of receiving water charged with dissolved oxygen from the injector through a pump, wherein the coil creates a water/oxygen contact time; and an overflow valve, to have the water resulting from the coil passed in order to be able to direct the water entirely to the animals' watering or partially to the animals' watering and partially back to the water tank. A method for rearing animals comprises boosting water with dissolved oxygen up to saturation for animals' watering.

An apparatus configured to result in a penetration of one or more gasses into a dermis of biological skin, wherein the apparatus includes a fluid reservoir configured to contain an amount of a liquid in contact with a portion of a person's skin, and a nanobubble generator configured to inject nanobubbles into the liquid, wherein the nanobubbles contain the one or more gasses. The contact of the liquid containing the nanobubbles with the person's skin results in a cutaneous uptake of a gas contained in the nanobubbies into the person's skin, which may be beneficial in treating an ailment, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

A gas dissolving system using double mixers to generate a higher gas concentration in liquid is disclosed. The gas dissolving system includes two gas mixers, a degassing device, pressure valves, a pressure sensor, and a pump. Liquid flows through mixers to entrain gas therein, and it thus contains dissolved gas and undissolved gas. The liquid subsequently flows into the degassing device so that undissolved gas is released to the outside environment, and dissolved gas remains in the liquid. The liquid with dissolved gas combines with raw liquid and is diluted so that it becomes liquid with a desired gas concentration as the output. A high gas concentration of liquid is obtained after more cycles of fluid flow through the mixers to dissolve gas without combining raw liquid.

A low head oxygenator system includes one or more chambers, each of the one or more chambers having an open top, and one or more distribution plates, each distribution plate disposed over the open top of a corresponding one of the one or more chambers. Each of the one or more distribution plates has a predetermined number of orifices distributed within one or more zones of the respective distribution plate and no orifices in at least one remaining zone of the respective distribution plate. The oxygenator system further includes a container (e.g. trough), disposed on top of the one or more distribution plates, and configured to allow a liquid contained in the container to flow through the orifices of the one or more distribution plates into the one or more chambers.

A low head oxygenator system includes one or more chambers, each of the one or more chambers having an open top, and one or more distribution plates, each distribution plate disposed over the open top of a corresponding one of the one or more chambers. Each of the one or more distribution plates has a predetermined number of orifices distributed within one or more zones of the respective distribution plate and no orifices in at least one remaining zone of the respective distribution plate. The oxygenator system further includes a container (e.g. trough), disposed on top of the one or more distribution plates, and configured to allow a liquid contained in the container to flow through the orifices of the one or more distribution plates into the one or more chambers.

A system for maintaining fish and shellfish in an anesthetic state, the system includes at least: an anesthetic tank configured to allow the fish and shellfish to be so anesthetized as to be in an anesthetic state; and a maintenance tank configured to allow the fish and shellfish anesthetized in the anesthetic tank to be maintained in the anesthetic state while being transported, wherein, in the anesthesia tank, a carbon dioxide concentration is maintained higher than or equal to 65 ppm as well as lower than or equal to 85 ppm, and an oxygen concentration is maintained higher than or equal to 60%, and wherein, in the maintenance tank, a carbon dioxide concentration is maintained higher than or equal to 10 ppm as well as lower than or equal to 40 ppm, and an oxygen concentration is maintained higher than or equal to 60%.

An expansion chamber includes a chamber body having a top portion above a bottom portion cooperatively forming a hollow chamber volume configured to temporarily contain an expansion of bubbles during an aeration process for aerating a liquid, including wine and other alcoholic beverages. The bottom portion has a bottom opening configured to engage an opening of an uncorked and/or opened wine bottle. The top portion has a top opening. The hollow chamber volume is configured to be in fluid communication with an inside of the uncorked and/or opened bottle when the bottom opening is engaged with the opening of the uncorked and/or opened bottle. A maximum inside diameter of the hollow chamber volume in a horizontal plane with respect to the uncorked and/or opened wine bottle set upon a horizontal surface is cooperatively formed between the top and bottom portions, wherein the maximum inside diameter is at least 2.50 inches.

A system for mixing and mixing processes and structures are disclosed. In addition a nozzle used for mixing is disclosed.