Disclosed are compositions for catalysts comprising a zeolite promoted by metal and or metal oxide. In some aspects, the metal and/or metal oxide comprise a mixture of two or more metal or metal oxides. In various aspects, the zeolite is a pentasil zeolite and/or a ZSM-5 type zeolite. Also disclosed are processes for making the disclosed heterogeneous catalysts comprising preparing a mixture of a zeolite and one or more metal salts, which can include use of incipient wetness impregnation methods. In various aspects, also disclosed are methods for direct, non-oxidative preparation of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas, including selective for high yield production of C6 and higher hydrocarbons. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A catalytic composition is disclosed, which exhibits an X-ray amorphous oxide with a spinel formula, and crystals of ZnO, CuO, and at least one Group VIB metal oxide, and preferably, at least one acidic oxide of B, P, or Si, as well. The composition is useful in oxidative processes for removing sulfur from gaseous hydrocarbons.

Copper-containing, multimetallic catalysts with either a zirconia or carbon support are described which have improved utility for the hydrogenolysis of a glycerol or glycerol-containing feedstock to provide a biobased 1,2-propanediol product. specially, improved carbon-supported examples of such catalysts are described for this reaction as well as for other processes wherein hydrogen is used, with methods for maintaining the activity of these catalysts. Related treatment methods in the preparation of these improved catalysts enable the use of carbons with a desired mechanical strength but which previously lacked activity, for example, for the conversion of a glycerol or glycerol-containing feed to produce 1,2-propanediol, so that copper-containing, multi-metallic catalysts may be employed for making a biobased propylene glycol using carbon supports that previously would have not been suitable.

The present invention relates to a method for converting heavy oil by means of high dispersion of asphaltenes, comprising the steps of: preparing a mixture by mixing an amphiphilic additive and the heavy oil; and performing a hydrogenation reaction on the mixture, wherein the amphiphilic additive comprises both a polar group and a nonpolar group.

Provide is a functional structural body that can suppress aggregation of metal oxide nanoparticles and prevent functional loss of metal oxide nanoparticles, and thus exhibit a stable function over a long period of time. A functional structural body (1) includes: a skeletal body (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound; and at least one type of metal oxide nanoparticles (20) containing a perovskite-type oxide present in the skeletal body (10), the skeletal body (10) having channels (11) that connect with each other, and the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) being present at least in the channels (11) of the skeletal body (10).

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a transition metal molybdotungstate material or metal sulfides derived therefrom. The hydroprocessing using the transition metal molybdotungstate material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

Disclosed are compositions for catalysts comprising a zeolite promoted by metal and or metal oxide. In some aspects, the metal and/or metal oxide comprise a mixture of two or more metal or metal oxides. In various aspects, the zeolite is a pentasil zeolite and/or a ZSM-5 type zeolite. Also disclosed are processes for making the disclosed heterogeneous catalysts comprising preparing a mixture of a zeolite and one or more metal salts, which can include use of incipient wetness impregnation methods. In various aspects, also disclosed are methods for direct, non-oxidative preparation of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas, including selective for high yield production of C6 and higher hydrocarbons. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A highly active quaternary mixed transition metal oxide material has been developed. The material may be sulfided to generate metal sulfides which are used as catalyst in a conversion process such as hydroprocessing. The hydroprocessing may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

Provided are a catalyst that suppresses production of a coke-like material and improves the long-term stability of the reaction, and a method for producing the catalyst. A composite metal oxide catalyst for conjugated diolefin production is used for producing a conjugated diolefin from a mixed gas including a monoolefin having 4 or more carbon atoms and molecular oxygen by a catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation reaction, the catalyst having a relative intensity ratio of X-ray diffraction peaks represented by the following Formula (A):

0.9<Pr<3.0

Pr=Pi1/Pi2(A) (in the formula, Pi1 represents the maximum peak height at a 2 value in the range of 26.40.3 in the X-ray diffraction peaks; Pi2 represents the maximum peak height at a 2 value in the range of 28.50.3 in the X-ray diffraction peaks; and Pr represents the relative intensity ratio of Pi1 with respect to Pi2).

The present invention relates to a method for converting heavy oil by means of high dispersion of asphaltenes, comprising the steps of: preparing a mixture by mixing an amphiphilic additive and the heavy oil; and performing a hydrogenation reaction on the mixture, wherein the amphiphilic additive comprises both a polar group and a nonpolar group.