There is provided a printing apparatus including: a head having nozzles aligned in a first direction, a manifold, and a driving element; a first temperature sensor configured to detect, in the manifold, a temperature difference between a temperature of the ink at an upstream in the first direction and a temperature of the ink at a downstream in the first direction; and a controller. The nozzles have a first nozzle and a second nozzle. The controller is configured to execute: causing of the head to perform printing, and performing of position correction of correcting a discharge timing of the ink from the nozzles based on the temperature difference so that a distance between a landing position of the ink discharged from the first nozzle and a landing position of the ink discharged from the second nozzle becomes short in a second direction crossing the first direction.

An intermediate transfer body is efficiently heated, and thus, transfer properties of an image and durability of the intermediate transfer body are ensured. A heating unit heats the intermediate transfer body by using a plurality of heating sources which are positioned by being shifted in a rotation direction of the intermediate transfer body. The plurality of heating sources includes a first heating source and a second heating source, a degree of heating the intermediate transfer body by the second heating source being higher than a degree of heating the intermediate transfer body by the first heating source. The second heating source is positioned on an upstream side in the rotation direction from the first heating source.

A head unit includes heads arranged in a body. Each head includes a nozzle row arranged along a first direction. The heads are arranged along a second direction intersecting with the first direction. Two or more heads that include a nozzle row corresponding to a first color, are provided in each of a first region and a second region. A color corresponding to the nozzle row at an nth position from a first side is the same as a color corresponding to the nozzle row at an nth position from a second side, n being a positive integer, the first side being one side of the body in the second direction and the second side being another side of the body in the second direction.

Systems and methods for controlling supply of electrical energy from power source(s) through a plurality of electrical conductors adjacent to a common electrolyte solution are disclosed. The power source(s) are controlled to apply potential difference waveform(s) between pairs of electrical conductors formed from the plurality of electrical conductors such that the potential difference waveform(s) have a magnitude that exceeds a threshold overpotential for the pairs of electrical conductors in the electrolyte solution whilst sums of an absolute value of a potential difference across a double layer associated with the first electrical conductor in a pair and an absolute value of a potential difference across a double layer associated with a second electrical conductor in the pair is maintained below the threshold overpotential. Some or all electrical conductor(s) can be coupled to the power source(s) using respective capacitor(s).

liquid discharge apparatus includes a liquid discharge head including a plurality of electrodes arranged in parallel, a common electrode positioned to face the liquid discharge head, and a control unit configured to control a voltage to be applied to each of the plurality of electrodes to control the plurality of electrodes as a discharging electrode, which is to discharge a liquid, or as a non-discharging electrode, which is to discharge no liquid, wherein the control unit adjusts a value of the voltage to be applied to the electrode that is to be driven as the non-discharging electrode, based on the voltage to be applied to the electrode adjacent to the electrode that is to be driven as the non-discharging electrode.

A droplet ejection device includes an ink supply unit configured to supply ink, a replaceable multi-nozzle head arranged away from the ink supply unit and having a plurality of droplet ejection nozzles configured to eject droplets including the ink by an electrostatic ejection method, a mounting unit configured to mount the multi-nozzle head, an inspection unit configured to inspect an inclination of the multi-nozzle head mounted on the mounting unit, and, an adjusting unit configured to adjust the inclination of the multi-nozzle head based on an inspection result of the multi-nozzle head.

The invention relates to a method of printing a two-dimensional bit-mapped image having a number of pixels per row, the printhead having a row of ejection channels and each ejection channel having associated ejection electrodes to which voltages are applied in use. During printing, in order to cause volumes of fluid to be ejected from selected ejection channels of the printhead for printing, voltage pulses having values of predetermined amplitude and duration as determined by respective image pixel bit values generated by a raster image processor are applied, at a given pulse period, to the electrodes of the selected ejection channels. The part of the raster image corresponding to an ejection channel is scanned to determine the number of adjacent non-printing pixel periods prior to a pixel to be printed and, immediately prior to the printing of said pixel, a voltage pulse, having a value predetermined in accordance with the time, measured in units of the given pixel period, between the last pixel to be printed and said pixel to be printed, is applied to the ejection electrode.

A liquid ejecting apparatus includes: a liquid ejecting unit that ejects a liquid supplied through a liquid supply path from a nozzle; a maintenance unit that performs a maintenance operation of the liquid ejecting unit; and an ejection state detecting unit that is able to detect a state inside a pressure chamber communicating with the nozzle. The ejection state detecting unit detects a state inside the pressure chamber before the maintenance operation and at least one state inside the pressure chamber during the maintenance operation or after the maintenance operation, and is able to determine malfunction of at least one of the maintenance unit and function units arranged in the liquid supply path based on a change in a state inside the pressure chamber due to the maintenance operation.

An apparatus for inspecting a liquid discharge head including an energy generation element provided on an element substrate and configured to make energy act on a liquid to discharge the liquid from an orifice, a lower protection film having an electrical insulating property and provided on the element substrate while covering the energy generation element, a wiring layer provided between the element substrate and the lower protection film and configured to supply electrical signal for driving to the energy generation element, and a conductive upper protection film provided on the lower protection film is provided. The apparatus comprises a detection circuit configured to detect a potential of the upper protection film when the energy generation element is driven; and a determination circuit configured to determine a driving state of the energy generation element from information about the potential detected by the detection circuit.

A printer is configured to provide a stream of extraction gas that extracts a printing fluid from a printing nozzle. An electrode produces an electric field that accelerates the extracted printing fluid toward a printing substrate. The printer can be configured to selectively turn the electric field and the stream of extraction gas off and on to enable printing in a gas-extraction mode, an e-assisted gas-extraction mode, or an e-jet mode. The stream of gas can be provided by a second nozzle concentric with the printing nozzle, and the electrode can be part of the second nozzle. A third nozzle can discharge a focusing gas around the extracted printing fluid.