A method of stabilizing imino-functional silane involving adding thereto at least one Brnsted-Lowry base to inhibit, suppress or prevent the addition reactions of the imino-functional silane with itself to form a imino- and amino-functional silane and the subsequent deamination reactions to form conjugated carbon-carbon double bond-containing imino-functional silanes and stabilized imino-functional silanes containing the at least one Brnsted-Lowry base.

Process for making a chelating agent according to the general formula (I), R.sup.1CH(COOX.sup.1)N(CH2COOX.sup.1).sub.2 wherein R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, CH.sub.2OH, and CH.sub.2CH.sub.2COOX.sup.1, X.sup.1 is (M.sub.H.sub.1), M being selected from alkali metal, x is in the range of from 0.6 to 1, said process comprising the following steps: (a) providing a solid, a slurry or a solution of a compound according to general formula (II a) R.sup.1CH(COOX.sup.2)N(CH.sub.2CN).sub.2 wherein X.sup.2 is (M.sub.yH.sub.1y), M being selected from alkali metal, y is in the range of from zero to 1, (b) contacting said solid or slurry or solution with an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide, wherein the molar ratio of alkali metal ions to nitrile groups is in the range of from 0.6:1 to 0.95:1, (c) reacting said compound according to general formula (II a) with said alkali metal hydroxide.

Process for making a chelating agent according to the general formula (I), R.sup.1CH(COOX.sup.1)N(CH2COOX.sup.1).sub.2 wherein R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, CH.sub.2OH, and CH.sub.2CH.sub.2COOX.sup.1, X.sup.1 is (M.sub.H.sub.1), M being selected from alkali metal, x is in the range of from 0.6 to 1, said process comprising the following steps: (a) providing a solid, a slurry or a solution of a compound according to general formula (II a) R.sup.1CH(COOX.sup.2)N(CH.sub.2CN).sub.2 wherein X.sup.2 is (M.sub.yH.sub.1y), M being selected from alkali metal, y is in the range of from zero to 1, (b) contacting said solid or slurry or solution with an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide, wherein the molar ratio of alkali metal ions to nitrile groups is in the range of from 0.6:1 to 0.95:1, (c) reacting said compound according to general formula (II a) with said alkali metal hydroxide.

A method for producing an alkali metal/alkaline earth metal hydroxide includes: subjecting a solution containing R.sup.ACOOM.sup.B and/or (R.sup.ACOO).sub.2M.sup.C and water to an electrochemical reaction to cause a Kolbe electrolysis reaction at an anode to generate at least R.sup.AR.sup.A, carbon dioxide, and an M.sup.B+ ion and/or M.sup.C2+ ion; and neutralizing the M.sup.B+ ion and/or M.sup.C2+ ion by using an OH.sup.? ion generated by electrolysis of water at a cathode. R.sup.A represents a hydrocarbon group, M.sup.B represents an alkali metal, and M.sup.C represents an alkaline earth metal.

A method for producing an alkali metal/alkaline earth metal hydroxide includes: subjecting a solution containing R.sup.ACOOM.sup.B and/or (R.sup.ACOO).sub.2M.sup.C and water to an electrochemical reaction to cause a Kolbe electrolysis reaction at an anode to generate at least R.sup.AR.sup.A, carbon dioxide, and an M.sup.B+ ion and/or M.sup.C2+ ion; and neutralizing the M.sup.B+ ion and/or M.sup.C2+ ion by using an OH.sup.? ion generated by electrolysis of water at a cathode. R.sup.A represents a hydrocarbon group, M.sup.B represents an alkali metal, and M.sup.C represents an alkaline earth metal.

A method of stabilizing imino-functional silane involving adding thereto at least one Brnsted-Lowry base to inhibit, suppress or prevent the addition reactions of the imino-functional silane with itself to form a imino- and amino-functional silane and the subsequent deamination reactions to form conjugated carbon-carbon double bond-containing imino-functional silanes and stabilized imino-functional silanes containing the at least one Brnsted-Lowry base.

Processes for regenerating alkali process streams are disclosed herein, including streams containing sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and combinations thereof. Systems for regenerating alkali process streams are disclosed herein, including streams containing sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and combinations thereof.

Processes for regenerating alkali process streams are disclosed herein, including streams containing sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and combinations thereof. Systems for regenerating alkali process streams are disclosed herein, including streams containing sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and combinations thereof.

A method for optimizing reduction and content of total titratable alkali of green liquor of a recovery boiler. The method comprises producing green liquor in a dissolving tank by conveying smelt and weak white liquor into the dissolving tank and measuring at least the contents of sodium sulphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, and sodium carbonate of the green liquor. The method comprises controlling at least a process parameter of a recovery boiler to maximize the reduction of the recovery boiler and controlling the flow of the weak white liquor into the dissolving tank to optimize the content of total titratable alkali of the green liquor. In addition, a system for producing green liquor with optimized reduction and content of total titratable alkali. The system comprises a first sensor arrangement, a first and a second regulator, and a processing unit arrangement configured to perform the method.

A method for optimizing reduction and content of total titratable alkali of green liquor of a recovery boiler. The method comprises producing green liquor in a dissolving tank by conveying smelt and weak white liquor into the dissolving tank and measuring at least the contents of sodium sulphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, and sodium carbonate of the green liquor. The method comprises controlling at least a process parameter of a recovery boiler to maximize the reduction of the recovery boiler and controlling the flow of the weak white liquor into the dissolving tank to optimize the content of total titratable alkali of the green liquor. In addition, a system for producing green liquor with optimized reduction and content of total titratable alkali. The system comprises a first sensor arrangement, a first and a second regulator, and a processing unit arrangement configured to perform the method.