Provided is the positive electrode active material for a potassium ion battery according to the embodiment comprises a compound represented by Formula (1), in which M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of V, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn, and x represents a number from 0 to 1; and is a positive electrode for a potassium ion battery comprising the positive electrode active material for a potassium ion battery according to the embodiment, or a potassium ion battery comprising the positive electrode for a potassium ion battery.
KMO.sub.xPO.sub.4F.sub.1-x  [Formula (1)].

The present disclosure broadly relates to a process for recovering vanadium, iron, titanium and silica values from vanadiferous feedstocks. More specifically, but not exclusively, the present disclosure relates to a metallurgical process in which vanadium, iron, titanium and silica values are recovered from vanadiferous feedstocks such as vanadiferous titanomagnetite, iron ores, vanadium slags and industrial wastes and by-products containing vanadium. The process broadly comprises digesting the vanadiferous feedstocks into sulfuric acid thereby producing a sulfation cake; dissolving the sulfation cake and separating insoluble solids thereby producing a pregnant solution; reducing the pregnant solution thereby producing a reduced pregnant solution; and crystallizing ferrous sulfate hydrates from the reduced pregnant solution, producing an iron depleted reduced solution. The process further comprises removing titanium compounds from the iron depleted reduced solution thereby producing a vanadium-rich pregnant solution; concentrating vanadium and recovering vanadium products and/or a vanadium electrolyte.

A device including an LED light source optically coupled to a phosphor selected from [Y,Gd,Tb,La,Sm,Pr,Lu].sub.3[Al,Ga].sub.5−aO.sub.12−3/2a:Ce.sup.3+ (wherein 0<a<0.5), beta-SiAlON:Eu.sup.2+, [Sr,Ca,Ba][Al,Ga,In].sub.2S.sub.4:Eu.sup.2+, alpha-SiAlON doped with Eu.sup.2+ and/or Ce.sup.3+, Ca.sub.1−h−rCe.sub.hEu.sub.rAl.sub.1−h[Mg,Zn].sub.hSiN.sub.3, (where 0<h<0.2, 0<r<0.2), Sr(LiAl.sub.3N.sub.4):Eu.sup.2+, [Ca,Sr]S:Eu.sup.2+ or Ce.sup.3+, [Ba,Sr,Ca].sub.bSi.sub.gN.sub.m:Eu.sup.2+ (wherein 2b+4g=3m), quantum dot materials, and combinations thereof; and a green-emitting U.sup.6+-doped phosphor having a composition selected from the group consisting of U.sup.6+-doped phosphate-vanadate phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped halide phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped oxyhalide phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped silicate-germanate phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped alkali earth oxide phosphors, and combinations thereof, is presented.

Materials, designs, methods of manufacture, and devices are provided for an anode material for a rechargeable lithium-ion battery. For example, an anode material may include Li.sub.3±xV.sub.2±yO.sub.5±z. 0≤x≤7, 0≤y≤1, and z may be based on the charge resulting from Li.sub.3±x and V.sub.2±y. Also, a cell can include a lithiated anode material. The lithiated anode material may include Li3±xV2±yO5±z. The lithiated anode material may be casted on a first substrate to form a lithiated anode, having a separator stacked on the lithiated anode. The separator may include electrolytes. A cathode can be stacked on the separator. The cathode being formed by casting a cathode material on a second substrate.

A mixed conductor represented by Formula 1:
A.sub.4+xM.sub.5-yM′.sub.yO.sub.12-δ,  Formula 1
wherein, in Formula 1, A is a monovalent cation, M is at least one of a divalent cation, a trivalent cation, or a tetravalent cation, M′ is at least one of a monovalent cation, a divalent cation, a trivalent cation, a tetravalent cation, a pentavalent cation, or a hexavalent cation, M and M′ are different from each other, and 0.3≤x<3, 0.01<y<2, and 0≤δ≤1 are satisfied.

A CoVO.sub.x composite electrode and method of making is described. The composite electrode comprises a substrate with an average 0.5-5 m thick layer of CoVO.sub.x having pores with average diameters of 2-200 nm. The method of making the composite electrode involves contacting the substrate with an aerosol comprising a solvent, a cobalt complex, and a vanadium complex. The CoVO.sub.x composite electrode is capable of being used in an electrochemical cell for water oxidation.

A down-converted light emitting combination that generates a visible light when an ultraviolet light is incident is provided. The down-converted light emitting combination includes a first structure made of a first material that generates a visible light of a first color when an ultraviolet light of a first wavelength range is incident and a second structure made of a second material that generates a visible light of a second color different from the first color when the ultraviolet light of a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range is incident, and the first material and the second material have different emission colors and distributions of intensities of the visible lights generated depending on a wavelength of the incident ultraviolet light.

In general, the present disclosure is directed to methods for synthesizing vanadium oxide nanobelts, as well as the corresponding chemical composition of the vanadium oxide nanobelts. Also described are materials which can incorporate the vanadium oxide nanobelts, such as including the vanadium oxide nanobelts as a cathode material for use in energy storage applications (e.g., batteries). The vanadium oxide nanobelts described herein display structural characteristics that may provide improved diffusion and/or charge transfer between ions. Thus, batteries incorporating implementations of the current disclosure may demonstrate improved properties such as higher capacity retention over charge discharge cycling.

A method for forming a crystalline material having an anisotropic, quasi-one-dimensional crystal structure is disclosed. In various embodiments, the method includes: mixing a plurality of precursor materials together to form a combined precursor material, the plurality of precursor materials including a transition-metal ion or a main group ion and at least one of an alkaline earth ion or an alkali metal ion; and reacting the combined precursor material to obtain the crystalline material, the crystalline material having a formula ABX3, wherein A is the at least one of the alkaline earth ion or the alkali metal ion and B is the transition-metal ion surrounded by six anions (X), and wherein the quasi-one-dimensional anisotropic crystal provides a birefringence of at least 0.03, defined as the absolute difference in the real part of the complex-refractive-index values along different crystal axes, in at least a portion of one or N both of the visible-wave spectrum or the infrared spectrum.

A CoVO.sub.x composite electrode and method of making is described. The composite electrode comprises a substrate with an average 0.5-5 m thick layer of CoVO.sub.x having pores with average diameters of 2-200 nm. The method of making the composite electrode involves contacting the substrate with an aerosol comprising a solvent, a cobalt complex, and a vanadium complex. The CoVO.sub.x composite electrode is capable of being used in an electrochemical cell for water oxidation.