An object of the present invention is to provide a novel sulfur-based positive electrode active material for a lithium-ion secondary battery which is excellent in cyclability and can largely improve a charging and discharging capacity, a positive electrode comprising the positive electrode active material and a lithium-ion secondary battery made using the positive electrode. The sulfur-based positive electrode active material is obtainable by subjecting a starting material comprising a polymer, sulfur and an organometallic compound dispersed in a form of fine particles to heat-treatment under a non-oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the particles of metallic sulfide resulting from sulfurization of the organometallic compound are dispersed in the heat-treated material, and particle size of the metallic sulfide particles is not less than 10 nm and less than 100 nm.

Systems and methods of synthesizing nanoparticles on substrates using rapid, high temperature thermal shock. A method involves depositing micro-sized particles or salt precursors on a substrate, and applying a rapid, high temperature thermal shock to the micro-sized particles or the salt precursors to become nanoparticles on the substrate. A system may include a rotatable member that receives a roll of a substrate sheet having micro-sized particles or salt precursors; a motor that rotates the rotatable member so as to unroll the substrate; and a thermal energy source that applies a short, high temperature thermal shock to the substrate. The nanoparticles may be metallic, ceramic, inorganic, semiconductor, or compound nanoparticles. The substrate may be a carbon-based substrate, a conducting substrate, or a non-conducting substrate. The high temperature thermal shock process may be enabled by electrical Joule heating, microwave heating, thermal radiative heating, plasma heating, or laser heating.

Systems and methods of synthesizing nanoparticles on substrates using rapid, high temperature thermal shock. A method involves depositing micro-sized particles or salt precursors on a substrate, and applying a rapid, high temperature thermal shock to the micro-sized particles or the salt precursors to become nanoparticles on the substrate. A system may include a rotatable member that receives a roll of a substrate sheet having micro-sized particles or salt precursors; a motor that rotates the rotatable member so as to unroll the substrate; and a thermal energy source that applies a short, high temperature thermal shock to the substrate. The nanoparticles may be metallic, ceramic, inorganic, semiconductor, or compound nanoparticles. The substrate may be a carbon-based substrate, a conducting substrate, or a non-conducting substrate. The high temperature thermal shock process may be enabled by electrical Joule heating, microwave heating, thermal radiative heating, plasma heating, or laser heating.

A process for the synthesis of transition metal chalcogenides (TMC) having formula (I). More particularly, the present work relates to a one pot single phase process for the synthesis of a TMC system having formula (I) by wet chemistry. Formula (I) is represented as A.sub.x-B.sub.y.

The present disclosure discloses a method for co-producing synthetical rutile and polymeric ferric sulfate with waste sulfuric acid, which includes the following steps of: S1, performing deep reduction on ilmenite to obtain reduced ilmenite with a metallization rate of 85% or more; S2, leaching the reduced ilmenite with waste sulfuric acid; S3, performing solid-liquid separation on a mixed solution after the leaching in step S2, and drying a solid to obtain synthetical rutile, wherein a filtrate is a ferrous sulfate solution; and then performing step S4 or S5 to obtain a polymeric ferric sulfate finished product. The waste sulfuric acid is adopted in the present disclosure to leach the reduced ilmenite to prepare the synthetical rutile, a novel waste acid recycling mode is formed

The present disclosure discloses a method for co-producing synthetical rutile and polymeric ferric sulfate with waste sulfuric acid, which includes the following steps of: S1, performing deep reduction on ilmenite to obtain reduced ilmenite with a metallization rate of 85% or more; S2, leaching the reduced ilmenite with waste sulfuric acid; S3, performing solid-liquid separation on a mixed solution after the leaching in step S2, and drying a solid to obtain synthetical rutile, wherein a filtrate is a ferrous sulfate solution; and then performing step S4 or S5 to obtain a polymeric ferric sulfate finished product. The waste sulfuric acid is adopted in the present disclosure to leach the reduced ilmenite to prepare the synthetical rutile, a novel waste acid recycling mode is formed

A composite sulfide electrode and a manufacturing method therefor are disclosed. A method for manufacturing a composite sulfide electrode comprises the steps of: preparing a mixed solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and a metallic oxide; stirring the prepared mixed solution; electrospinning the stirred mixed solution to prepare a wire-type precursor bearing a metallic oxide in PAN; drying the prepared wire-type precursor; mixing the dried wire-type precursor and a sulfur powder; and injecting a gas to the mixture of the wire-type precursor and the sulfur powder to sulfurize the wire-type precursor.

A positive electrode active material for a fluoride ion battery, and a fluoride ion battery, having reduced irreversible capacity. The positive electrode active material for a fluoride ion battery of the disclosure is iron sulfide. The iron sulfide is preferably iron(II) sulfide or iron disulfide. The fluoride ion battery of the disclosure includes the positive electrode active material of the disclosure. The fluoride ion battery of the disclosure has a positive electrode layer, an electrolyte layer and a negative electrode layer. The positive electrode layer may be constructed of a positive electrode active material layer and a positive electrode collector. The negative electrode layer may be constructed of a negative electrode active material layer and a negative electrode collector.

A positive electrode active material for a fluoride ion battery, and a fluoride ion battery, having reduced irreversible capacity. The positive electrode active material for a fluoride ion battery of the disclosure is iron sulfide. The iron sulfide is preferably iron(II) sulfide or iron disulfide. The fluoride ion battery of the disclosure includes the positive electrode active material of the disclosure. The fluoride ion battery of the disclosure has a positive electrode layer, an electrolyte layer and a negative electrode layer. The positive electrode layer may be constructed of a positive electrode active material layer and a positive electrode collector. The negative electrode layer may be constructed of a negative electrode active material layer and a negative electrode collector.

A method of processing a workpiece having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface includes: generating a first beam of laser pulses having a pulse duration less than 200 ps at a pulse repetition rate greater than 500 kHz, directing the first beam of laser pulses along a beam axis intersecting the workpiece, and scanning the beam axis along a processing trajectory. The beam axis is scanned such that consecutively-directed laser pulses impinge upon the workpiece at a non-zero bite size to form a feature at the first surface of the workpiece. One or more parameters such as bite size, pulse duration, pulse repetition rate, laser pulse spot size and laser pulse energy is selected to ensure that the feature has a processed workpiece surface with a mean surface roughness (Ra) of less than or equal to 1.0 μm.