A device comprising a nonlinear optical (NLO) material according to the formula XLi.sub.2Al.sub.4B.sub.6O.sub.20F. A device comprising a nonlinear optical material (NLO) according to the formula KSrCO.sub.3F, wherein the NLO comprises at least one single crystal. A nonlinear optical material selected from the group consisting of KSrCO.sub.3F Rb.sub.3Ba.sub.3Li.sub.2Al.sub.4B.sub.6O.sub.20F and K.sub.3Sr.sub.3Li.sub.2Al.sub.4B.sub.6O.sub.20F.

A method of purifying silicon carbide powder includes: providing a container with a surface coated by a nitrogen-removal metal layer, wherein the nitrogen-removal metal layer is tantalum, niobium, tungsten, or a combination thereof; putting a silicon carbide powder into the container to contact the nitrogen-removal metal layer; and heating the silicon carbide powder under an inert gas at a pressure of 400 torr to 760 torr at 1700° C. to 2300° C. for 2 to 10 hours, thereby reducing the nitrogen content of the silicon carbide powder.

A method of purifying silicon carbide powder includes: providing a container with a surface coated by a nitrogen-removal metal layer, wherein the nitrogen-removal metal layer is tantalum, niobium, tungsten, or a combination thereof; putting a silicon carbide powder into the container to contact the nitrogen-removal metal layer; and heating the silicon carbide powder under an inert gas at a pressure of 400 torr to 760 torr at 1700° C. to 2300° C. for 2 to 10 hours, thereby reducing the nitrogen content of the silicon carbide powder.

An aluminum-rich molecular sieve material of MFS framework type, designated SSZ-123, is provided. SSZ-123 can be synthesized using 1-ethyl-1-[5-(triethylammonio)pentyl]piperidinium cations as a structure directing agent. SSZ-123 may be used in organic compound conversion and/or sorptive processes.

Positive electrode active materials are provided. The positive electrode active materials include a primary particle formed of a plurality of metals including a first metal and a secondary particle formed of at least one of the primary particle. The secondary particle includes a center part, a surface part, a seed region where the primary particle having concentration gradient of the first metal is disposed, and a maintain region where the primary particle having constant concentration of the first metal is disposed, the seed region adjacent to the core part and a maintain region adjacent to the surface part, the length of the seed region in a direction from the center part to the surface part is 1 m.

The present application relates to a method for synthesizing nanozeolite Y crystals, nanozeolite Y crystals obtainable by said method, and the use of the synthesized nanozeolite Y crystals in cracking hydrocarbons, as molecular sieves or as ion-exchangers.

Provided is a molybdenum sulfide that is ribbon-shaped and particularly suitable for a hydrogen generation catalyst. Disclosed are a ribbon-shaped molybdenum sulfide, in which 50 particles as measured by observation with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) have a shape of, on average, 500 to 10000 nm in length, 10 to 1000 nm in width, and 3 to 200 nm in thickness; a method for producing the ribbon-shaped molybdenum sulfide, including: (1) heating a molybdenum oxide at a temperature of 200 to 1000 C. in the presence of a sulfur source; or (2) heating a molybdenum oxide at a temperature of 100 to 800 C. in the absence of a sulfur source, and then heating the molybdenum oxide at a temperature of 200 to 1000 C. in the presence of a sulfur source; and a hydrogen generation catalyst including the ribbon-shaped molybdenum sulfide.

A surface-treated infrared absorbing fine particle dispersion liquid wherein surface-treated infrared absorbing fine particles are dispersed in a liquid medium, and are an infrared absorbing transparent substrate having a coating layer in which the surface-treated infrared absorbing fine particles. This is a surface-treated infrared absorbing fine particle dispersion liquid in which surface ted infrared absorbing fine particles are dispersed in a liquid medium, wherein the surface-treated infrared absorbing fine particles are infrared absorbing fine particles, each surface is coated with a coating layer containing at least one selected from a hydrolysis product of a metal chelate compound, a polymer of the hydrolysis product of the metal chelate compound, a hydrolysis product of a metal cyclic oligomer compound, and a polymer of the hydrolysis product of the metal cyclic oligomer compound, and this is an infrared absorbing transparent substrate prepared using the surface-treated infrared absorbing fine particle dispersion liquid.

Provided is an inorganic oxide containing Al, Ce and Zr as constituent elements and having a ratio of emission intensity I.sub.A at 420 nm and emission intensity I.sub.B at 470 nm (I.sub.B/I.sub.A) of not more than 1.65 in an emission spectrum obtained when a light at wavelength 200 nm is irradiated.

The present application relates to a porous material and preparation methods thereof, and anodes and devices including the same. The porous material provided by the present application includes a material of the formula Si.sub.aM.sub.bO.sub.x, wherein the ratio of x to a is about 0.6 to about 1.5, and the ratio of a to b is about 8 to about 10,000, wherein M includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Si, P, Mg, Ti and Zr. The anode and an electrochemical device including the porous material exhibit higher rate performance, higher first coulombic efficiency, higher cycle stability and lower cycle expansion ratio.