An inorganic porous carrier that can be used to increase the purity of nucleic acid in a production thereof, and that comprises a linker of formula (1), wherein a Survival Bone Rate (SBR) value is 5.0% or more. In the formula (1), a bond * represents a linkage of an inorganic porous substance to the oxygen atom of a silanol group; n is an integer of 1 etc.; R represents independently of each other an alkyl group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent such as an alkoxy group etc.; and L represents a single bond; an alkylene group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; or an alkylene group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms which contains —CH.sub.2-Q-CH.sub.2— group wherein any group Q selected from a group consisting of —O— etc. is inserted into at least one of —CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2— group constituting the alkylene group.

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Provided is a potassium titanate powder that can avoid safety and health concerns and concurrently, during use in a friction material, can give excellent frictional properties. A potassium titanate powder is a powder formed of bar-like potassium titanate particles having an average length of 30 μm or more, an average breadth of 10 m or more, and an average aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, wherein the bar-like potassium titanate particles are represented by a composition formula K.sub.2Ti.sub.nO.sub.2n+1 (where n=5.5 to 6.5).

The present disclosure relates to a graphene-nanoflower shaped MXene composite material, preparation method and application thereof, which belongs to the field of negative electrode materials for supercapacitors. In the present disclosure, a space-time shaping femtosecond laser is utilized to process MXene target in graphene oxide nanoflake dispersion, so as to synthesize a graphene-nanoflower shaped MXene composite material in one-step. This nanoflower shaped MXene has adjustable size and morphology and an extremely large specific surface area; when it is used in an electrode material for supercapacitors, the supercapacitor exhibits an extremely high specific capacitance and good cycle stability. This method utilizes a space-time shaping femtosecond laser to synthesize the graphene-nanoflower shaped MXene composite material, which is highly controllable, and can be used to uniformly prepare the material in large-scale. It has provided a new way for synthesis of materials.

The present disclosure provides functionalized powder particles and methods of forming functionalized powder particles. The functionalization is acquired through the formation of primary and/or secondary structures on a powder particle. Functionalization can be controlled to bring about changes in a broad range of physical and/or chemical properties.

Methods of melting ice using ice-melt compositions including calcium chloride coated with a lignosulfonate material are disclosed. The ice-melt compositions can be useful as ice-melt products with improved safety. A method can include applying an ice-melt composition to ice, the ice-melt composition comprising coated particles. Each coated particle can include a core comprising calcium chloride and a coating at least partially surrounding the core, the coating comprising a lignosulfonate material.

Provided is an iron oxide powder for a brake friction material which can be suitably used in a brake friction material that is less likely to cause problems regarding brake squealing and that provides superior braking performance. The iron oxide powder for a brake friction material according to a first embodiment of the present invention is characterized by having a sulfur content of 150 ppm or less as measured by combustion ion chromatography, and a saturation magnetization of 20 emu/g or less. The iron oxide powder for a brake friction material according to a second embodiment of the present invention is characterized by having an average particle size of 1.0 μm or more, a chlorine content of 150 ppm or less as measured by combustion ion chromatography, and a saturation magnetization of 20 emu/g or less.

Provided is a method for stably conducting a process for producing chlorosilanes by a chlorination reaction of metallic silicon. When producing chlorosilanes by the chlorination reaction of the metallic silicon, metallic silicon having a sodium content of 1 ppm or more and 90 ppm or less in terms of element and an aluminum content of 1000 ppm or more and 4000 ppm or less in terms of element is used as the metallic silicon. An average particle diameter of the metallic silicon is preferably about 150 μm to 400 μm.

Disclosed herein are nanostructured hierarchical zeolitic materials comprising: a plurality of zeolite nanotubes, each zeolite nanotube comprising a zeolitic wall perforated by a plurality of pores, the zeolitic wall defining a single longitudinal lumen. Also disclosed herein are bolaform structure directing agents comprising: a first hydrophilic end and a second hydrophilic end with a hydrophobic core therebetween; the hydrophobic core comprising one or more aromatic rings and one or more hydrophobic alkyl groups; the one or more aromatic rings comprising a biphenyl group; the one or more hydrophobic alkyl groups each independently comprising a C.sub.10 alkyl group; and the first hydrophilic end and the second hydrophilic end each independently comprising a quinuclidinium group. Also disclosed herein are methods of making and use of the plurality of zeolite nanotubes and the bolaform structure directing agents.

The present invention relates to a ferrite particle, containing a crystal phase component containing a perovskite crystal represented by the compositional formula:

RZrO.sub.3 (provided that R represents an alkaline earth metal element), and having an apparent density in a range represented by the following formula:

1.90≤Y≤2.45

provided that Y in the formula is the apparent density (g/cm.sup.3) of the ferrite particle.

An inorganic porous carrier having pore distribution where a pore diameter is 0.04 μm or more, and including a linker of formula (1) [where a bond * represents a bond to an oxygen atom of a silanol group in an inorganic porous substance. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent each independently an alkyl group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group. L represents a single bond; an alkylene group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms; or an alkylene group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms containing —CH.sub.2-Q-CH.sub.2— group wherein any group Q selected from a group consisting of —O—, —NH—, —NH—CO—, and —NH—CO—NH— is inserted into at least one of —CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2— group constituting the alkylene group. A carbon atom of the methylene group bound to the group Q does not bond to another group Q at the same time.]; and a method for preparing nucleic acids using the same.

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