Methods and systems for the extraction of metals from an aqueous feed solution containing the metal ions. The aqueous feed solution is contacted with one side of a hydrophilic membrane support while an organic liquid is contacted with an opposite side of the hydrophilic membrane support. Metal ions migrate from the aqueous feed solution through the membrane support and into the organic liquid. The metal ions may be re-extracted from the organic liquid using a strip solution. The steps of extraction and reextraction may be carried out in a system including two hollow fiber membrane modules that each include a plurality of hydrophilic polymer hollow fibers.

The present disclosure provides an application of a titanium carbide/porous carbon composite in electrochemical treatment of uranium-containing wastewater, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The present disclosure provides the application of the titanium carbide/porous carbon composite in electrochemical treatment of uranium-containing wastewater. Titanium carbide (TiC) is a typical transition metal carbide and has good conductivity and excellent chemical stability; compared with a titanium dioxide/carbon nanomaterial, the titanium carbide/porous carbon composite has a rich pore structure that provides a large number of activated adsorption sites for adsorption of metal ions during electro-adsorption, so that the electro-adsorption efficiency can be substantially improved, and a better electro-adsorption effect is obtained.

The invention relates to the methods for sewage treatment contaminated by mechanical impurities, fats, proteins and other organic and inorganic compounds, and can be used for purification and water disinfection contaminated by heavy and radioactive metals, saturated or unsaturated fats, filtrate from landfills, meat processing plants, and/or oil and petroleum. The method includes flotation, electrocoagulation and filtration, and provides: mixing water with carbon-based sorbent; filtration of water and carbon sorbent on rubber-based hydrophobic sorbent; decomposition of organic substances accumulated on carbon and rubber sorbents; floatation with hydrogen peroxide; recovery active substance in hydrogen peroxide; reuse thereof; electrocoagulation with water saturation with oxygen and hydrogen, formed on indispensable carbon or metal electrodes based on the of aluminum, titanium, sodium, tin, copper, and other metals; water disinfection by electro-cavitation; generation of active substance based on the iron and titanium atoms; water filtration on the precoat filter; and filtering on activated carbon filter.

Solid material having an open multiple and at least partially interconnected porosity, comprising an inorganic matrix made of a microporous and mesoporous geopolymer, in which at least partially interconnected open macropores delimited by sides or walls made of microporous and mesoporous geopolymer are defined, and particles of at least one solid compound different from the geopolymer being distributed in the macropores and/or in the sides or walls. Method for preparing said material. Method for separating at least one metal or metalloid cation from a liquid medium containing it, wherein said liquid medium is placed in contact with the material.

A method of treating contaminated water that has ferrous ions and at least one additional mineral in solution includes the steps of: adding a sufficient quantity of a caustic agent to the contaminated water to achieve a basic pH, and adding oxygen to the contaminated water to achieve a molar ratio of oxygen to ferrous iron of at least 1:10. The pH and the oxygen concentration are sufficient to produce ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH).sub.2) from ferrous ions and ferric hydroxide (Fe(OH).sub.3) from the ferrous hydroxide while limiting colloidal iron formation, at least the ferric hydroxide forming a precipitate. The precipitate is separated from the contaminated water.

A method for the anaerobic cultivation of microorganisms includes providing an aqueous solution having a pH value of 4.5 to 7.5 in a container, adding a substrate in a first substrate dosage to the aqueous solution, adding further elements to the aqueous solution, adding an inoculant with microorganisms to the aqueous solution, hermetically sealing the container, varying a temperature in a range from 40 to 80 degrees Celsius, taking a reference liquid sample and determining a first concentration of organic substance in the reference liquid sample, taking another liquid sample and determining another concentration of organic substance in the further liquid sample after the expiration of the first waiting time, if the further concentration of organic substance is smaller than 10 percent of the first concentration of organic substance, adding substrate in another substrate dosage, repeating until a sufficient amount of biomass is present in the container.

The invention relates to a technique for handling liquid radioactive waste from a nuclear fuel-energy cycle, and may be used in a process for processing liquid radioactive waste for maximally reducing the volume thereof and removing radionuclides by concentrating same in a solid phase. The aim is achieved by means of a method for processing liquid radioactive waste and for the recovery thereof, including waste oxidation, separating sludge, colloids and suspended particles from a liquid phase, and removing, from the liquid phase, radionuclides to be subsequently recovered using selective sorbents and filters; the method is characterized in that, prior to the stage for separating sludge, colloids and suspended particles from the liquid phase of the radioactive waste, selective sorbents in the form of powders are added and mixed into the liquid waste.

A desalination system that can comprise an inlet, an optional preheating stage, multiple evaporation chambers and optional demisters, product condensers, a waste outlet, one or more product outlets, a nested configuration that facilitates heat transfer and recovery and a control system. The control system can permit operation of the purification system continuously with minimal user intervention or cleaning. The desalination system can operate with any number of pre-treatment methods for descaling, and with degassing systems to eliminate or reduce hydrocarbons and dissolved gases. The system is capable of removing, from a contaminated water sample, a plurality of contaminant types including microbiological contaminants, radiological contaminants, metals, and salts.

Provided is a hydrogen isotope adsorbent with differential binding properties and including mesoporous silica doped with fluorine.

A method of producing a functionalized material that extracts metal ions from solution, the method comprising: (i) providing a precursor material having nitrile groups appended to its surface; and (ii) reacting said nitrile groups with hydroxylamine or a derivative thereof in the presence of a polar aprotic solvent at a temperature of 60-80° C. for at least 1 hour, to convert at least a portion of said nitrile groups to amidoxime and imide dioxime groups, followed by reaction with a base capable of hydrolyzing any remaining nitrile groups to carboxylic acid groups; wherein said functionalized material has a higher uranium absorption capacity than a functionalized material produced under same conditions except that the nitrile groups are reacted with hydroxylamine in only a protic solvent. The invention is also directed to functionalized materials produced by the above-described method, and methods for using the functionalized material for extracting metal ions from metal-containing solutions.