A method of producing water supersaturated with a gas includes drawing water from a water supply; filtering the water; purifying the water; disinfecting the water and neutralizing remaining biocontaminants; filtering the water to remove the neutralized biocontaminants; mineralizing the water; supersaturating the water with nanobubbles of a gas; and storing the water. A system for producing the supersaturated water includes a filter; a purification unit connected to an outlet of the filter; an ultraviolet treatment reservoir connected to an outlet of the purification unit; a second filter connected to an outlet of the UV treatment reservoir; a minerals addition unit connected to an outlet of the second filter; and a nanobubble generator connected to an outlet of the minerals addition unit. The water can be economically supersaturated at levels higher than 120%.

A device is provided that provides an unbiased filtration effect and an effect of removing captured substances through backwashing by causing a fluid to uniformly pass through a filter element over the entire length in an axial direction at the time of backwashing so as to efficiently rotate a captured-substance removal tool in a filtration unit 1 which includes the captured-substance removal tool 20 axially supported inside the tubular filter element 2 to be rotatable.

An anaerobic digestion system may include a material grinding/pulping portion, a hydrolysis portion arranged downstream of the grinding portion, a multiple chamber anaerobic reactor arranged downstream from the hydrolysis portion and including a gas collection and reintroduction system, a collection system for collecting digestate and gas from the anaerobic reactor.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for generating plants that can grow in saline conditions, or remove a salt or other impurity from water, for example plants that can remove sodium chloride from salt or sea water, and plants that can produce purified water from salt or sea water.

Multi-chamber Compressor (6, 206, 506) of Mechanical Vapor re-Compression (MVC) and water treatment methods, the compressor bearing independent compression chambers of positive displacement, for heat-pumps, of two main variants: a) reciprocating-rotary motion (6, 206) wherein the compression chambers (7V) are radially arranged cylindrical sectors based on concentric circular sectors of the same angle, with, pistons of radially arranged vanes (20, 220) of respective surface and with the plane of the vanes passing through the axis of the common rotor (14) and the shaft (16) and b) reciprocating-linear motion (506) wherein the compression chambers (52v) are in series arranged cylinders with pistons/vanes (50v) of corresponding circular surfaces and with the plane of the vanes perpendicular to the common shaft (51). In both cases, the shaft (16, 51) and the motor are common to all the vanes (20v, 50v), which follow identical strokes. The surfaces of the vanes (20v, 50v), as well as of the compression chambers (7V, 52v), differ from each other, since each compression chamber (7V, 52v) has its own and independent pair of evaporation (ev, dv, Lv, by) and heat-exchanger chambers/areas (Cv/eCv, 32v/33v, 132v, 54v/53v), said compression chamber exclusively sucks from, compresses and discharges to, and the fluids/vapors being dispensed, are under different thermodynamic state conditions. The stages are independent from each other, the medium-vapor providing the energy of evaporation is produced in the stage itself, and flow rate and compression ratio CR are independently controlled and adjusted in each stage.

An aqueous feed stream having a first total dissolved solids (TDS) level is flowed to a forward osmosis separator. The aqueous feed stream includes seawater. An aqueous draw stream having a second TDS level is flowed to the forward osmosis separator. The second TDS level is greater than the first TDS level. A disposal stream and an injection fluid stream is produced by the forward osmosis separator by allowing water to pass from the aqueous feed stream to the aqueous draw stream through a membrane of the forward osmosis separator based on a difference between the first TDS level and the seconds TDS level. The injection fluid stream is flowed from the osmosis separator to a subterranean formation.

The invention relates to a method and a system for treatment of an underwater surface (S) and material removed from it at a cleaning site. The underwater surface is cleaned by a brush device (1), by which effluent containing solid matter removed from the underwater surface in connection with cleaning is conveyed to a treatment unit (5) where the effluent is subjected to separation and filtering. In a first step, the solid matter contained in the effluent is separated from the effluent in a form as unbroken as possible, immediately followed by a second step in which the effluent is precipitated. Said second step is immediately followed by a third step in which the effluent is filtered. The filtered effluent is discharged directly back to a body of water or to another clean water connection at the cleaning site. The effluent may be subjected to additional filtering and/or disinfection, if necessary.

A pellet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention includes: a reactor part for producing and discharging either gas hydrate slurry or ice slurry; a pellet forming part which is provided at one side of the outer portion of the reactor part, and which compresses the slurry discharged from the reactor part, so as to form the same into a pellet shape; and a control part for controlling the operation of the reactor part and the pellet forming part, wherein the control part controls the operation of a heating module so that the internal temperature of a first pipe is adjusted to be within a predetermined temperature range when the pellets are formed.

An alternating cascaded system for high-salinity wastewater treatment includes a pollutant removal system and an alternating cascaded water conveyance system embedded in the pollutant removal system. The pollutant removal system includes four partition plates, a pollutant removal zone and a discharge sump; and the alternating cascaded water conveyance system includes feed water distribution channels disposed under a feed water conveyer pipe and on an outer wall of a first pollutant removal subzone, cleaning water distribution channels disposed on an outer wall of a third pollutant removal subzone and located under a cleaning water pipe, and a purified water discharge pipe and a cleaning water discharge pipe that are located in the discharge sump and axially have a same discharge direction from top to bottom.

A method of operating a dual reverse osmosis/pressure retarded osmosis plant, including when electricity costs less than a first predetermined price, moderate salinity water is pumped into the first portion of a pressure vessel having first and second portions separated by a water permeable/salt impermeable osmotic membrane to yield desalinated permeate in the second portion and brine in the first portion. Further, when electricity costs greater than the first predetermined price, low salinity water is pumped into the second portion and brine is pumped into the first portion to yield pressurized moderate salinity water in the second portion which is run through an energy recovery device to generate electricity. The salinity of the low salinity water is lower than the salinity of the moderate salinity water, and the salinity of the moderate salinity water is lower than the salinity of the brine.