Methods and systems for controlling nitrous oxide production in a wastewater treatment facility in which wastewater is treated with microbes in a biological reactor. Nitrous oxide production can be controlled by determining an amount of two or more nutrients in the biological reactor, calculating a value that represents a comparison of the values, comparing the calculated value to a threshold value, and optionally taking a corrective action to reduce nitrous oxide production based on the comparison. In one aspect, nitrous oxide production can be controlled by determining an amount of ammonium in the biological reactor, determining an amount of a nitrogen compound that can include nitrite, nitrate, and/or hydroxylamine, calculating a value that compares the amount of ammonium to the amount of the nitrogen compound, and taking a corrective action that changes a system parameter to reduce the nitrous oxide production if the calculated value surpasses a threshold limit.

A well (18) is mounted on an extension (12) of a brine tank (10) in a water softener system. The extension (12) can be molded integrally with the brine tank (10), or separate from the brine tank (10) and mounted thereto by fasteners (24). The extension (12) extends above the horizontal plane (14) at the upper edge (16) of the brine tank (10) and the well (18) is mounted to the extension (12) above the horizontal plane (14). A riser (20) is mounted to the extension (12) for external connection and extends into the well (18). All necessary connections to components in the well (18) are made through the extension (12) above the horizontal plane (14) so that no passages need be made through the wall (22) of the brine tank (10). Also, the upper end of the well (18) is above the horizontal plane (14) to facilitate servicing.

The invention relates to a method and a device for treating foods and/or containers for holding foods. The foods and/or containers are treated in at least one treatment zone by a process liquid, wherein the process liquid is at least partially recirculated into the treatment zone or the treatment zones after completed treatment of the foods and/or the containers. At least one membrane filtration system and at least one UV irradiation apparatus are provided for cleaning and sterilisation of the process liquid.

A desalination system that can comprise an inlet, an optional preheating stage, multiple evaporation chambers and optional demisters, product condensers, a waste outlet, one or more product outlets, a nested configuration that facilitates heat transfer and recovery and a control system. The control system can permit operation of the purification system continuously with minimal user intervention or cleaning. The desalination system can operate with any number of pre-treatment methods for descaling, and with degassing systems to eliminate or reduce hydrocarbons and dissolved gases. The system is capable of removing, from a contaminated water sample, a plurality of contaminant types including microbiological contaminants, radiological contaminants, metals, and salts.

A hybrid activated iron-biological treatment system and method for treating wastewater. The treatment system includes a combination of zero valent iron, ferrous iron, an iron oxide, and a denitrification microorganism.

Systems and methods are disclosed for controlling performance of a mixed ion exchange media comprising two or more media. The weighted average of a quantity of the first media having a first rate of exchange to a quantity of a second media having a second rate of exchange is determined based on predetermined requirements for the resulting mixed media. After determining the weighted average, the first and second media are mixed resulting in a mixed media having a third rate of exchange. The mixed media is introduced to an ion exchange column. Contaminated liquid is then introduced to the column creating a mass transfer zone within the column. The mixed media is generally considered optimized when it meets three conditions simultaneously: 100% safety limitation, 100% media capacity used, and effluent criteria are met.

An automated produced water treatment system that injects ozone or an ozone-oxygen mixture upstream of produced water separators, with the dose rate changing dynamically as the produced water quality changes, as determined by continuous monitoring of the produced water quality by a plurality of sensors that detect water quality parameters in real time. The system may operate as a “slipstream” injection system, that draws a portion of produced water from the produced water pipeline and injects ozone or an ozone-oxygen mixture back into the pipeline with disrupting or slowing normal operations. Disinfectants or other additives may also be injected.

The present invention concerns a method for reducing the amount of polluting and/or valuable elements through application of electrolysis, in particular of the electrocapturing phenomenon. The electrolysis according to the present invention is applied permanently over time in a polluted water body. The predetermined action area (115bis, 115ter) preferably has a smaller extension than the water body. The at least one phenomenon (125bis, 125ter) is preferably powered electrically through production of electrical energy in loco through at least one renewable energy source (140). The method is suitable for purifying large expanses of water, like seas, lakes, lagoons and rivers, through plants operating permanently, however this does not rule out other applications.

The present invention relates to a filtering device for a water treatment system comprising a biological treatment device adapted to provide a sludge from wastewater or filtrated wastewater, and/or the biological treatment device being fluidic connectable to or in fluidic connection with the filtering device for receiving filtrated wastewater from the filtering device and for delivering sludge to the filtering device. The filtering device is a cake filtration device comprising a fluid penetrable support structure and the support structure is provided as one or more tubular elements having a filtration cake provided on the inside of the fluid penetrable support structure. The filtering has device an inlet being connectable to receive liquid to be filtered so that the flux of liquid to be filtered is from the inside of the support structure, through the filtration cake and to the outside of the support structure thereby providing a filtrate, an outlet for outletting liquid from the interior of the tubular element, and a filtrate outlet for outletting filtrate from the filtering device. The filtration cake is being provided by deposition of solids from the sludge formed in the biological treatment device.

An object of the present invention is to provide a desalination apparatus in which a high pressure pump can be operated at a high efficient operation point even when temperature, salt concentration or the like of water to be treated vary. The desalination apparatus includes a high pressure pump which is provided in a first flow path and supplies raw water to a first module at high pressure to apply reverse osmotic pressure to a first module and a second module, a third flow path for supplying second concentrated water after separation in the second module to upstream of the high pressure pump in the first flow path, and a fourth flow path for supplying a portion of the first concentrated water after separation in the first module to upstream of the high pressure pump in the first flow path.