Apparatus and systems for point of entry water purification using reverse osmosis are provided. Generally, systems include a storage tank for containing purified water, wherein elements of the purification system are attached directly to the storage tank, at its exterior or interior. At the storage tank exterior surface, a mounting plate is attached that contains a sediment filter and a reverse osmosis element. The storage tank interior space contains a mechanical float valve system that uses the amount of purified water within the storage tank to provide a negative feedback system to proportionally control flow of water into the purification system.

The present invention concerns a method for biological treatment of carbon, nitrogen and optionally phosphorus in water, in a reactor system (1) comprising a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) (2) and a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) (3). The method comprises a step (10) of filling said SBR reactor (2) with water to be treated (5), a step (20) of anoxic/aerobic biological treatment in said reactor system (1) and a step (30) of discharging treated water (35) from said SBR reactor (2). The anoxic/aerobic biological treatment step (20) comprises: a biological treatment (210) under largely anoxic conditions in the SBR reactor (2), producing a first effluent (215), a biological treatment (220) under aerobic conditions in the MBBR reactor (3), producing a second effluent (225), and a continuous recirculation of the first and second effluents. The present invention also concerns a corresponding facility.

A method for directly and deeply purifying high concentration organic wastewater, specifically includes following steps of: (1) fortified precipitation treatment; (2) rapid filtration of sediment of suspended solids; (3) pH value adjustment; (4) hydrolysis acidification: pH value adjusted waste water enters a water distribution unit in which biological hanging film filter is arranged to fortify an anaerobic hydrolysis acidification function of the waste water; and (5) bio-filter treatment. A rapid and low cost treatment method for high concentration, high ammonia and high nitrogen organic waste water is provided by means of water and air distribution by the biological filtering bed, an air-water backwashing bed layer structure, setting of a temperature regulation system for the biological filtering bed, and a combined process of the biological filtering bed with a fortified sedimentation unit, a suspension object sediment rapid filtration unit, and like unit structures.

A fluid sterilization apparatus includes: a flow passage tube in which a processing passage where a passing fluid is sterilized is formed; a first light source that irradiates the processing passage with ultraviolet light; an inflow passage formed in a direction that intersects an outer circumferential surface of the flow passage tube; and a communication passage that causes the inflow passage to communicate with the processing passage. The communication passage has a narrow passage in the middle of a path from the inflow passage toward an opening of a first end, the narrow passage being narrower than a passage toward the inflow passage.

A water hydration system for disposing of the water content of the production water recovered from a hydrocarbon well. An internal combustion engine is utilized to drive electrical generators, pumps, etc., to provide electrical and mechanical power to the equipment of the well site. The engine includes a cooling system through which preprocessed production water flows to elevate the temperature thereof. The heated water is then sprayed into hot air to hydrate the air before being released to the atmosphere.

A system for reverse osmosis, RO, including a first RO stage (10) with a first feed inlet (11), a first brine outlet (12), and a first permeate outlet (13); a second RO stage (20) with a second feed inlet (21), a second brine outlet (22), and a second permeate outlet (23); and a pressure exchanger, PE, (40) connected between the second brine outlet (22) and the first feed inlet (11), wherein a first pressure difference ?p.sub.1 between the first brine outlet (12) and the second feed inlet (21) corresponds to a second pressure difference ?p.sub.2 between the second brine outlet (22) and the pressure exchanger (40). The invention further discloses a method for operating such a system for reverse osmosis (100).

The invention provides an efficient system for treating livestock waste, particularly waste from cattle or pig farming. The new facility and method employ special transfers of slurry streams through ASBR, SBR, and a unique pretreatment reactor, resulting in treated water, quality compost, and biogas.

A water treatment system (1) for a reservoir (3) of water (5) including a mixing unit (2) located outside of the reservoir (3) and in an overall flow path of water from the reservoir (3) to and through the mixing unit (2) and back into the reservoir water (5). The mixing unit (2) is operable in three disinfectant modes that selectively add (a) chlorine, (b) ammonia, or (c) a blended mixture of chlorine and ammonia forming chloramines into the water returning to the reservoir (3). The mixing unit (2) also has hard and soft flush modes. In the hard flush mode, water (5) from the reservoir (3) is continually moved to flush through the mixing unit (2) and back to the reservoir (3). In the soft flush mode, the incoming hard water (5) from the reservoir (3) is softened to remove calcium and other minerals before passing through the mixing unit (2) and back to the reservoir (3) to reduce the undesirable build up of mineral deposits in the mixing unit (2).

Embodiments of the present invention provide the integration of arbitrary flow directing patterns, deposited or integrated on or into the porous permeate spacer in a spiral-wound membrane separation element.

Provided is a water-purification cartridge to be replaceably accommodated in an accommodating portion of a water purifier. The cartridge includes activated carbon that removes impurities from water, forms, within the water purifier, a raw water flow path through which raw water flows downstream without passing through the activated carbon and a water purification flow path through which raw water flows downstream while passing through the activated carbon, and further includes a buffer portion that is disposed, within the water purifier, at a position upstream of flow path switching valves for selecting discharge from the raw water flow path or discharge from the water purification flow path and downstream of the activated carbon and that cuts off a water hammer propagating from the flow path switching valves to the activated carbon.