Borate-glass biomaterials comprising: aNa.sub.2O. bCaO. cP.sub.2O.sub.5. dB.sub.2O.sub.3 wherein a is from about 1-40 wt %, b is from about 10-40 wt %, c is from about 1-40 wt %, and d is from about 35-80 wt %; and wherein the biomaterial has a surface area per mass of more than about 5 m.sup.2/g. Methods of making and uses of these biomaterials.

A method of slowing an aircraft overrunning a runway, including covering an area adjacent a runway with irregular foamed glass bodies having aspect ratios of about 1:1.9 and diameters of about 10 mm to about 80 mm to define a bed, pouring liquid cement over the foamed glass bodies such that the cement infiltrates at least through the bed, curing the liquid cement to define a composite material of foamed glass bodies in a cementitious matrix, and crushing at least a portion of the composite material with an oncoming aircraft, slowing the aircraft. The composite material is at least 85 volume percent foamed glass bodies. When pouring the cement, the liquid cement flows over and around the foamed glass bodies. The aggregate bodies crush and break up before slip failure occurs when being overrun by an aircraft. The aggregate bodies intersect to define stacking angles of about 35 degrees. The cementitious matrix has a cementitious surface.

A tire rubber composition in accordance with the present disclosure comprises diene rubber and comprises porous foamed glass particles of porosity not greater than 80%. A tire rubber composition manufacturing method in accordance with the present disclosure comprises an operation in which porous foamed glass particles of porosity not greater than 80% fabricated using foaming agent comprising powdered seashells is kneaded into diene rubber.

Provided is a method for manufacturing an expandable artificial media for water treatment by recycling waste liquid crystal display (LCD) glass and waste bottle glass generated from waste electric and electronic products. Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to activate the efficiency of resource circulation and energy utilization, which are green technology, and to minimize the discharge of greenhouse gases and pollutants by artificially manufacturing media for water treatment, as a filtering technique for water pollution, wherein in the artificial media manufactured by a series of automation processes, waste LCD glass and waste bottle glass are recycled through foaming. That is, the present invention reproduces artificial media by mixing, with waste bottle glass, waste LCD glass generated during a process of manufacturing or processing glass for an LCD device, or waste LCD glass disposed of after using various electronic products including an LCD monitor, such that energy can be saved by lowering the foaming calcinations temperature of waste glass and waste recycling is attempted, thereby allowing the present invention to have an environmentally friendly property of preserving limited resources.

In a method for producing an expanded-glass granular material, starting materials containing glass powder, water glass, at least one blowing agent, and metakaolin, are mixed in order to form a homogeneous slurry. The slurry is granulated to form raw granular-material particles, which are foamed at a baking temperature between 780 C. and 950 C. in order to form expanded-glass granular-material particles. The expanded-glass granular material has a long-term water absorption of less than 25 volume percent when the expanded-glass granular material is exposed to water for a time period of 21 days.

An arrestor bed for slowing an oncoming aircraft, including an elongated excavation, a plurality of foamed glass aggregate bodies positioned within the elongated excavation, and a covering positioned over the elongated excavation to define an arrestor bed. The respective foamed glass aggregate bodies are oblong, irregularly shaped bodies and have characteristic stacking angles of about 35 degrees. The arrestor bed has a rapid brittle crushing failure mode under compression.

A method of making a porous silicate based material with similar properties as an extrusive or intrusive igneous silicate based rock without being naturally occurring. Quartz sand with a silica content (SiO.sub.2) of more than 75% is mixed with Sodium oxide, Calcium oxide, and Aluminum oxide and heated up to a temperature of more than 960 C. and for the chemical reactions to take place and for the molten mixture to reach an elastic state where the viscosity allows the formed gasses to be dissolved into the melt. The sintering process may be at atmospheric pressure or at positive pressure. The material is then cooled to a solid. The process gives a porous igneous rock with micro cells based on CO.sub.2 bubbles made at a temperature prior to the molten mixture reaching a plastic state. The solid material may be milled and used as a filter material. In one aspect, the solid is milled, mixed with a foaming agent, melted and cooled in order to form an even more porous second solid material.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to methods and materials for fabricating building materials and other components from coal. More specifically, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to materials and other components, such as char clay plaster, char brick, and foam glass fabricated from coal, and to methods of forming such materials. In an embodiment is provided a building material fabrication method. The method includes mixing an organic solvent with coal, under solvent extraction conditions, to form a coal extraction residue, and heating the coal extraction residue under pyrolysis conditions to form a pyrolysis char, the pyrolysis conditions comprising a temperature greater than about 500? C. The method further includes mixing the pyrolysis char with water and with one or more of clay, cement, or sand to create a mixture, and molding and curing the mixture to form a building material. Pyrolysis char-containing materials are also disclosed.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to methods and materials for fabricating building materials and other components from coal. More specifically, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to materials and other components, such as char clay plaster, char brick, and foam glass fabricated from coal, and to methods of forming such materials. In an embodiment is provided a building material fabrication method. The method includes mixing an organic solvent with coal, under solvent extraction conditions, to form a coal extraction residue, and heating the coal extraction residue under pyrolysis conditions to form a pyrolysis char, the pyrolysis conditions comprising a temperature greater than about 500? C. The method further includes mixing the pyrolysis char with water and with one or more of clay, cement, or sand to create a mixture, and molding and curing the mixture to form a building material. Pyrolysis char-containing materials are also disclosed.

A porous cellular body comprising primarily a porous sintered glass material is disclosed. The porous sintered glass material primarily includes a first phase and a second phase, the first phase primarily comprising amorphous fused silica and the second phase comprising amorphous fused silica and a sintering aid.