Gypsum panels and methods of making the same are provided. A gypsum panel includes a gypsum core containing set gypsum and unexpanded perlite ore, wherein the unexpanded perlite ore is present in the gypsum core in an amount greater than any other component, other than the gypsum.

Gypsum panels and methods of making the same are provided. A gypsum panel includes a gypsum core containing set gypsum and unexpanded perlite ore, wherein the unexpanded perlite ore is present in the gypsum core in an amount greater than any other component, other than the gypsum.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition for manufacturing an flooring element for indoor use comprising a cementitious binding material, a cellulosic fibre blend, wherein the cellulosic fibre blend comprises cellulosic fibres having a first degree of SR fineness and cellulosic fibres having a second degree of SR fineness, when measured according to ISO 5267-1, and wherein the first degree of SR fineness is in the range of from 5 to 45, preferably of from 20 to 40, and the second degree of SR fineness is in the range of from 45 to 80, preferably of from 50 to 70.

A composition may be suitable for flowable refractory materials and include calcium aluminate cement, a filler, a plasticizer in the form of a copolymer comprising polyether side chains, and a retarder having at least one acid. An article may include such a composition.

Geopolymer cement slurries, cured geopolymer cements, and methods of making cured geopolymer cement and methods of using geopolymer cement slurries are provided. The geopolymer cement slurry comprises Saudi Arabian volcanic ash, an aqueous solution, Na.sub.2SiO.sub.3, NaOH, and a resin. The Saudi Arabian volcanic ash comprises SO.sub.3, CaO, SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, and K.sub.2O.

The invention is directed to a fly ash containing construction material having improved strength and water resistance. The fly ash containing material includes fly ash, an alkali solution comprising sodium hydroxide, and water. The invention further provides a geopolymerization method of forming a fly ash containing material.

A low-density, high-strength concrete composition that is lightweight and self-compacting or non-self-compacting, with a low weight-fraction of aggregate to total dry raw materials, and a highly-homogenous distribution of a non-absorptive and closed-cell lightweight aggregate such as glass microspheres or copolymer polymer beads or a combination thereof, and the steps of providing the composition or components. Lightweight concretes formed therefrom have low density, high strength-to-weight ratios, and high R-value. The concrete has strength similar to that ordinarily found in structural lightweight concrete but at a lower density, such as an oven-dried density as low as 40 lbs./cu.ft. Such strength-to-density ratios range approximately from above 30 cu.ft/sq.in. to above 110 cu.ft/sq.in., with a 28-day compressive strength ranging from about 3400 to 8000 psi.

Methods, compositions, and systems for treating a well are included. A method comprises introducing a treatment fluid comprising a calcium aluminate cement, a cement set retarder, and water into a wellbore. The method further comprises removing a portion of the treatment fluid from the wellbore.

A voltage source includes two electrically conductive terminals (101, 102) with an electrolyte (103) between them. Said electrolyte (103) is a mixture in which the main components are aluminium and silicon oxides.

According to some embodiments, a curable mixture configured to set in the presence of water, wherein the mixture comprises magnesium oxide, a primary cementitious component and at least one accelerant. A proportion by weight of the primary cementitious component is 80% to 120% of a proportion of magnesium oxide by weight.