This present invention relates to compositions and methods of enhancing the dispersion of nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, the compositions and methods can be used for enhancing the performance and/or longevity of primers using biochemical-producing microbes and/or byproducts synthesized by the microbes. In certain embodiments, the addition of biosurfactants can enhance the dispersion of pigments and/or other nanoparticles, as well as inhibition of stain or color bleeding through the primer.

This present invention relates to compositions and methods of enhancing the dispersion of nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, the compositions and methods can be used for enhancing the performance and/or longevity of primers using biochemical-producing microbes and/or byproducts synthesized by the microbes. In certain embodiments, the addition of biosurfactants can enhance the dispersion of pigments and/or other nanoparticles, as well as inhibition of stain or color bleeding through the primer.

Disclosed is a method for optimizing a particle size of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer oxamide particles for single basal fertilization, which comprises the following steps: measuring a pH value of the soil in a region; measuring an organic matter content OM of the soil, with a unit of g.kg.sup.−1; measuring a total nitrogen content TN of the soil, with a unit of g.kg.sup.−1; collecting an average temperature T at a 10 cm depth of the soil in a rice growing season in the region, with a unit of ° C.; and for a rice variety with a growth duration of D, with a unit of day, calculating a diameter of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer oxamide particles for single basal fertilization that matches a nitrogen requirement in the rice growth duration by using a formula.

Disclosed is a method for optimizing a particle size of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer oxamide particles for single basal fertilization, which comprises the following steps: measuring a pH value of the soil in a region; measuring an organic matter content OM of the soil, with a unit of g.kg.sup.−1; measuring a total nitrogen content TN of the soil, with a unit of g.kg.sup.−1; collecting an average temperature T at a 10 cm depth of the soil in a rice growing season in the region, with a unit of ° C.; and for a rice variety with a growth duration of D, with a unit of day, calculating a diameter of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer oxamide particles for single basal fertilization that matches a nitrogen requirement in the rice growth duration by using a formula.

A sequential batch reactor wastewater treatment system and method, a material combination for practicing the method, and a fertilizer co-product deriving therefrom. A pH lowering agent comprising an acid lowers the pH of wastewater. A first compound including chitin or chitosan comprises a filtering medium, a coagulant, and a flocculant, and a second compound comprises an adsorbent and a pH raising agent. Wastewater is mixed and aerated subsequent to introduction of each of the first and second compounds, and flocculation yields treated water and a sludge byproduct that may be dewatered and further processed to yield a useful fertilizer co-product. Within the first compound, diatomaceous earth operates as a filtering medium and bentonite clay acts as a coagulant and filtering medium. Within the second compound, activated carbon, calcium oxide (CaO), and caustic soda (NaOH) are operative to adsorb, disinfect, and raise the pH of the wastewater.

A sequential batch reactor wastewater treatment system and method, a material combination for practicing the method, and a fertilizer co-product deriving therefrom. A pH lowering agent comprising an acid lowers the pH of wastewater. A first compound including chitin or chitosan comprises a filtering medium, a coagulant, and a flocculant, and a second compound comprises an adsorbent and a pH raising agent. Wastewater is mixed and aerated subsequent to introduction of each of the first and second compounds, and flocculation yields treated water and a sludge byproduct that may be dewatered and further processed to yield a useful fertilizer co-product. Within the first compound, diatomaceous earth operates as a filtering medium and bentonite clay acts as a coagulant and filtering medium. Within the second compound, activated carbon, calcium oxide (CaO), and caustic soda (NaOH) are operative to adsorb, disinfect, and raise the pH of the wastewater.

The present invention is a plant growth promoter containing one or more seed shell components of plant selected from Palmae Elaeis, Leguminosae Faboideae, Juglandaceae, Rosaceae Prunus, and Oleeae.

The presently disclosed subject matter is directed to nitrapyrin-organic acid ionic mixtures and syntheses thereof finding particular utility in agricultural uses, e.g., directly applied to soil, or in combination with fertilizers to increase nutrient uptake and to inhibit nitrification and urease hydrolysis. More particularly, the subject matter is directed to nitrapyrin-organic acid ionic mixtures and formulations thereof that exhibit reduced corrosion behavior compared to nitrapyrin-containing formulations that do not contain ionic mixtures of nitrapyrin with organic acids. Uses of such ionic mixtures of nitrapyrin and organic acids and formulations thereof are also disclosed.

A method of formulating novel humic material is disclosed comprising mixing one or more portions of Dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP) with one or more portions of N—(N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) with one or more portions of Isobutylidene-diurea (IBDU) with one or more portions of Polyaspartic Acid with one or more portions of Chitosan and a portion of Mycorrhizae and Rhizobia to form a portion of biostimulant material; obtaining a portion of seaweed harvest and crushing and drying said portion of seaweed to form a portion of seaweed powder; Obtaining a portion of leonardite and crushing said portion of leonardite to form a portion of humic raw material; mixing one or more portion of animal manure with one or more portion of stover with one or more portion of organic waste to form a portion of compositing mix and composting said compositing mix to form a portion of composted product; obtaining a portion of plant waste and subjecting said portion of plant waste through an anaerobic combustion to form a portion of bio char; mixing said portion of bio char with said portion of composted product with said portion of humic product to form a portion of humic processed material; adding a portion of artificial taggant to said humic processed material to form tagged humic product; mixing said tagged humic product with said portion of biostimulant material to form a portion of biostimulant humic product; adding a taggant to said portion of biostimulant humic product to form a portion of tagged biostimulant humic product; mixing one or more portion of phosphorus with a portion of potassium and a portion of nitrogen and a portion of trace minerals to form portion of raw fertilizer; mixing said portion of raw fertilizer with said portion of tagged biostimulant humic product to form a portion of tagged fertilized biostimulant humic product.

A method of formulating novel humic material is disclosed comprising mixing one or more portions of Dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP) with one or more portions of N—(N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) with one or more portions of Isobutylidene-diurea (IBDU) with one or more portions of Polyaspartic Acid with one or more portions of Chitosan and a portion of Mycorrhizae and Rhizobia to form a portion of biostimulant material; obtaining a portion of seaweed harvest and crushing and drying said portion of seaweed to form a portion of seaweed powder; Obtaining a portion of leonardite and crushing said portion of leonardite to form a portion of humic raw material; mixing one or more portion of animal manure with one or more portion of stover with one or more portion of organic waste to form a portion of compositing mix and composting said compositing mix to form a portion of composted product; obtaining a portion of plant waste and subjecting said portion of plant waste through an anaerobic combustion to form a portion of bio char; mixing said portion of bio char with said portion of composted product with said portion of humic product to form a portion of humic processed material; adding a portion of artificial taggant to said humic processed material to form tagged humic product; mixing said tagged humic product with said portion of biostimulant material to form a portion of biostimulant humic product; adding a taggant to said portion of biostimulant humic product to form a portion of tagged biostimulant humic product; mixing one or more portion of phosphorus with a portion of potassium and a portion of nitrogen and a portion of trace minerals to form portion of raw fertilizer; mixing said portion of raw fertilizer with said portion of tagged biostimulant humic product to form a portion of tagged fertilized biostimulant humic product.