The present invention provides a Ni nano-cluster supported on MgOCeO.sub.2ZrO.sub.2 catalyst and processes the production of the catalyst. Further, the present invention discloses use of Ni nano-cluster supported on MgOCeO.sub.2ZrO.sub.2 catalyst for the synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H.sub.2) by tri-reforming of methane. The process provides a direct single step selective vapor phase tri-reforming of methane to synthesis gas over NiOMgOCeO.sub.2ZrO.sub.2 oxide catalyst between temperature range of 600 C. to 800 C. at atmospheric pressure. The process provides a methane conversion of 1-99% with H.sub.2 to CO mole ratio of 1.6 to 2.3.

One variation of a method includes: ingesting an air sample captured during an air capture period at a target location for collection of a first mixture including carbon dioxide and a first concentration of impurities; conveying the first mixture through a liquefaction unit to generate a second mixture including carbon dioxide and a second concentration of impurities less than the first concentration of impurities; in a methanation reactor, mixing the second mixture with hydrogen to generate a first hydrocarbon mixture comprising a third concentration of impurities comprising nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen; conveying the first hydrocarbon mixture through a separation unit configured to remove impurities from the first hydrocarbon mixture to generate a second hydrocarbon a fourth concentration of impurities less than the third concentration of impurities; and depositing the second hydrocarbon mixture in a diamond reactor containing a set of diamond seeds to generate a first set of diamonds.

An ionic liquid functionalized reduced graphite oxide (IL-RGO)/TiO.sub.2 nanocomposite was synthesized and used to reduce CO.sub.2 to a hydrocarbon in the presence of H.sub.2O vapor.

An ionic liquid functionalized reduced graphite oxide (IL-RGO)/TiO.sub.2 nanocomposite was synthesized and used to reduce CO.sub.2 to a hydrocarbon in the presence of H.sub.2O vapor.

An ionic liquid functionalized reduced graphite oxide (IL-RGO)/TiO.sub.2 nanocomposite was synthesized and used to reduce CO.sub.2 to a hydrocarbon in the presence of H.sub.2O vapor.

Process for revamp of a methanol and ammonia co-production plant.

Process for revamp of a methanol and ammonia co-production plant.

A hydrocarbon production apparatus supplies a raw material gas into a reaction vessel including a reaction catalyst to produce a hydrocarbon by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, in which the raw material gas contains carbon dioxide, and the reaction catalyst contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of yttrium, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, and holmium.

A process of separating carbon oxides from a flue gas stream is disclosed. The process comprises separating a flue gas stream into a first flue gas stream and a second flue gas stream. The first flue gas stream is combusted with an oxygen stream in a boiler to provide a carbon dioxide rich flue gas stream. A carbon dioxide recycle stream is taken from the carbon dioxide rich flue gas stream. The second flue gas stream is recycled to an oxygenate production unit. The carbon dioxide recycle stream is recycled to the boiler or to a regenerator or both.

A process of separating carbon oxides from a flue gas stream is disclosed. The process comprises separating a flue gas stream into a first flue gas stream and a second flue gas stream. The first flue gas stream is combusted with an oxygen stream in a boiler to provide a carbon dioxide rich flue gas stream. A carbon dioxide recycle stream is taken from the carbon dioxide rich flue gas stream. The second flue gas stream is recycled to an oxygenate production unit. The carbon dioxide recycle stream is recycled to the boiler or to a regenerator or both.